Health Professional Digital Capabilities Frameworks: A Scoping Review

Figures & data

Figure 1 Example of combination of search terms used in scoping literature to identify articles.

Table 1 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Screening

Inclusion	Exclusion
Articles published between January 1, 2000 - December 31, 2019	Articles published before January 1, 2000
English language	Absence of digital capabilities or competencies
Professional capability framework	Models for developing capability frameworks
Competencies applicable to delivering digital healthcare	Elements towards building frameworks
Capabilities for a digital healthcare workforce	Educational framework design

Figure 2 PRISMA approach Flow Diagram illustrating the scoping, and screening process.

Notes: Adapted with permission from Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration. J BMJ. 2009;339:b2700.21

Table 2 Articles Eligible for Inclusion in the Review (N13)

Reference	Comment
Adelaide University (2017)^Citation34	Identified as a Capability - For graduates to progress into workforce supported by digital practices in health
Australian Digital Health Agency (2018)^Citation43	Identified as a Capability - Areas of practice in digital health that reflect capabilities in professional practice
Brunner (2018)^Citation11	Identified as a Capability - For graduates and health professionals to be e-ready and adaptable in the workforce
Di Donato (2019)^Citation44	Identified as a Capability - Current and potential recognition of capabilities that underlie allied health professional role and activities in a digital health workforce
NHS (2018)^Citation15	Identified as a Capability - Support the improvement of the digital capabilities of everyone working in healthcare
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Identified as a Characteristic – These are listed as outcomes however are described as activities reflecting competencies
van Houwelingen (2016)^Citation37	Identified as a Competency - Used in professional practice of nurses operating Telehealth
Honey (2018)^Citation38	Identified as a Competency - Principles for using informatics in nurses entering practice
Jisc (2018)^Citation39	Identified as a Competency - Expertise for developing, delivering and educating digital health practice framework
Nagle (2014)^Citation40	Identified as a Competency - Principles for using informatics in nurses entering practice
Martin-Sanchez (2017)^Citation41	Identified as a Competency - A framework to define the discipline of Health informatics
Royal College of Nursing (2018)^Citation42	Identified as a Competency - For digital practice in nursing
APS (2017)^Citation35	Identified as a Competency - For design and delivery of a digital health service

Table 3 Capabilities Charted into Categories

Reference (n13)	Capabilities (n59)	Category (n13)
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Jisc (2018);^Citation39 NHS (2018)^Citation15	Digital creation	Applied Innovation: Activities that aim to close the gap between the theory and the practice of innovation.
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Jisc (2018);^Citation39 NHS (2018)^Citation15	Digital problem solving
Jisc (2018)^Citation39	Digital communication
NHS (2018)^Citation15	Safety and security (digital)
NHS (2018)^Citation15	Digital identity
Eysenbach (2001);^Citation36 Di Donato (2019);^Citation44 Australian Digital Health Agency (2018);^Citation43 Royal College of Nursing (2018);^Citation42 NHS (2018)^Citation15	Education	Education: Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include teaching, training, storytelling, discussion, and directed research.
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Jisc (2018);^Citation39 Martin-Sanchez (2017)^Citation41	Digital learning
Adelaide University (2017)^Citation34	Digital development
Australian Digital Health Agency (2018)^Citation43	Safety (medicine and therapy)
van Houwelingen (2016)^Citation37	Knowledge
van Houwelingen (2016)^Citation37	Attitudes	Holistic Care: The philosophy that the outcome or goal is greater than the sum of its parts; as such benefiting from consideration or inclusion of various elements that may not be strictly included in the definition of a given goal.
APS (2017)^Citation35	Client suitability
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Enabling
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Engage
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Equity
Australian Digital Health Agency (2018)^Citation43	My Health Record
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Royal College of Nursing (2018);^Citation42 NHS (2018);^Citation15 Jisc (2018)^Citation39	Innovation	Innovation Behavior: The initiative to conceptualize, consider, attempt, or apply new ideas, products, processes, and procedures to a person’s work role, work unit, or organization.
Martin-Sanchez (2017);^Citation43 NHS (2018)^Citation15	Digital wellbeing
Australian Digital Health Agency (2018)^Citation43	Champion
Australian Digital Health Agency (2018)^Citation43	Enhanced models of care	Innovative Practice: Practice with a new mindset or new way with value in it.
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Extending (scope of care)
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Martin-Sanchez (2017);^Citation41 Jisc (2018);^Citation39 Royal College of Nursing (2018);^Citation42 NHS (2018)^Citation15	Data literacy	Technology Literacy: Ability to use technology appropriately and effectively to access, manage, integrate, evaluate, create and communicate information.
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Martin-Sanchez (2017);^Citation41 NHS (2018);^Citation15 Jisc (2018)^Citation39	Information literacy
Brunner (2018);^Citation11 Martin-Sanchez (2017)^Citation41	Analytics
Jisc (2018);^Citation39 Adelaide University (2017)^Citation34	Media literacy
APS (2017);^Citation35 Australian Digital Health Agency (2018)^Citation43	Privacy and security	Managing Technology: The integrated planning, design, optimization, operation, and control of technological products/tools, processes, and services.
Australian Digital Health Agency (2018)^Citation43	Interoperability and data quality
Nagle (2014)^Citation40	Knowledge management
Martin-Sanchez (2017)^Citation41	Management sciences
van Houwelingen (2016)^Citation37	General skills	Non-technology Skills: Skills relevant to the role, task, or responsibilities of the person that is not defined by technology.
van Houwelingen (2016)^Citation37	Implementation skills
van Houwelingen (2016)^Citation37	Clinical skills
van Houwelingen (2016);^Citation37 Brunner (2018);^Citation11 Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 NHS (2018);^Citation15 APS (2017)^Citation35	Communication	Partnership: Cooperative skills, tasks or ethic to advance mutual interests of more than one party/role.
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Royal College of Nursing (2018);^Citation42 NHS (2018);^Citation15 APS (2017)^Citation35	Collaboration
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 NHS (2018);^Citation15 APS (2017)^Citation35	Participation
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Encouragement
APS (2017);^Citation35 Di Donato (2019)^Citation44	Culture	Professionalism: The conduct, behavior, and attitude of someone in a work or business environment. These are better defined as beneficial characteristics than as requirements of a role.
APS (2017)^Citation35	Policies and procedures
APS (2017)^Citation35	Organizational practice
Honey (2018);^Citation38 Brunner (2018);^Citation11 Martin-Sanchez (2017);^Citation41 Royal College of Nursing (2018)^Citation42	Professionalism
Di Donato (2019);^Citation44 Royal College of Nursing (2018)^Citation42	Leadership
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Efficiency
APS (2017)^Citation35	Risk assessment and management	Professional Standards: A set of practices, ethics, and behaviors that members of a particular body (or professional role) must adhere to.
Nagle (2014)^Citation40	Accountability
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Enhancing quality
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Ethics
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Evidence based
Honey (2018);^Citation38 Brunner (2018);^Citation11 Martin-Sanchez (2017);^Citation41 Nagle (2014);^Citation40 NHS (2018)^Citation15	Information management	Technology Skills: Abilities and knowledge needed to perform specific tasks. They are practical and often relate to mechanical, information technology, mathematical, or scientific tasks.
Brunner (2018);^Citation11 Honey (2018);^Citation38 Martin-Sanchez (2017);^Citation41 Nagle (2014)^Citation40	Information technology
Martin-Sanchez (2017);^Citation41 Honey (2018);^Citation38 Nagle (2014)^Citation40	Communication technology
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Honey (2018);^Citation38 Jisc (2018)^Citation39	Information Communications Technology proficiency
van Houwelingen (2016);^Citation37 NHS (2018);^Citation15 Royal College of Nursing (2018)^Citation42	Technology Proficiency
NHS (2018)^Citation15	Data management
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Jisc (2018)^Citation39	Digital identity	User Development: Aims to provide people without experience or pre-requisite skills with concepts, methods, and tools to allow them to create, manage, or use a given task or tool.
Adelaide University (2017);^Citation34 Jisc (2018)^Citation39	Digital wellbeing
Eysenbach (2001)^Citation36	Empowerment
Di Donato (2019)^Citation44	Enable
NHS (2018)^Citation15	Self (user) development
Brunner (2018)^Citation11	Patient focus

Figure 3 Data synthesis figure of thematic analysis from labels to categories to themes.

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