Rate and Predictors of Neonatal Jaundice in Northwest Ethiopia: Prospective Cohort Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Mothers

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percentage
Mothers age	18–20	48	14.1
	20–35	259	77.7
	>35	28	8.2
Marital status	Single	20	4.9
	Married	300	89.8
	Divorced	18	5.3
Residence	Urban	253	75.7
	Rural	81	24.3
Occupation	House wives	80	23.9
	Farmer	69	20.7
	Governmental employee	80	23.9
	Merchant	90	26.9
	Student	15	4.5
Educational status	Not educated	24	7.3
	Primary	65	19.5
	Secondary	49	14.6
	Tertiary	73	21.8
	College and above	123	36.8

Table 2 Characteristics of the Neonates

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percentage
Gender	Male	200	59.8
	Female	134	40.2
Blood group	A	109	32.8
	B	95	28.4
	AB	57	17.0
	O	73	21.8
Rh type	Negative	146	43.7
	Positive	188	56.3
Gestational age at birth (in weeks)	37–42	267	80
	<37	67	20
Birth weight (kg)	<2.5	67	20
	≥2.5	267	80
Five minute APGAR score	≤6	95	28.5
	7–10	239	71.5
Family history of jaundice	Yes	136	40.8
	No	198	59.2

Table 3 Obstetric Characteristics

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percentage
Parity	0 previous live born	80	19.4
	≥1 previous live born	332	80.6
ANC follow-up	No	11	3.2
	Yes	323	96.9
Premature rapture of membrane(PROM)	No	310	92.7
	Yes	24	7.3
Gestational diabetes mellitus	No	318	95.2
	Yes	16	4.9
Gestational hypertension	No	293	87.9
	Yes	41	12.1
Hyperemesis gravidarum	No	301	90.3
	Yes	33	9.7
Mode of delivery	Spontaneous	240	71.9
	Instrumental	50	14.9
	Caesarean section	44	13.3
Use of oxytocin for induction	No	178	53.4
	Yes	156	46.6

Figure 1 The overall survival status of the neonates.

Figure 2 Survival status of neonates free from jaundice.

Figure 3 Survival probability of neonates over their sex.

Figure 4 Survival probability of the neonates over their ABO blood group incompatibility status.

Table 4 Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Analysis

Variables	Category	Event		Adjusted Relative Risk (ARR) (95% CI)	P-value
		Yes	No
Duration of labour	Normal	30	200	1.0
	Prolonged	60	44	3.5(2.8–8.7)	0.010*
Sex of neonate	Female	33	101	1.0
	Male	57	143	5.2(3.5–7.3)	0.003*
Five minute APGAR score	≤6	65	30	1.1(0.4–2.8)	0.775
	7–10	25	214	1.0
Neonates blood group	A	30	79	1.0
	B	25	70	0.9(0.2–3.7)	0.697
	AB	15	42	0.5(0.1–2.8)	0.967
	O	20	53	1.7(0.6–5.2)	0.531
Mothers blood group	A	32	74	1.0
	B	23	75	2.7(0.8–8.6)	0.70
	AB	17	33	0.6(0.6–22.3)	0.751
	O	18	62	4.5(3.4–10.3)	0.012*
Sepsis	Yes	54	46	2.6(1.2–6.1)	0.022*
	No	36	198	1.0
Blood type incompatibility	Yes	64	20	3.2(6.4–52.1)	0.20
	No	26	224	1.0

Note: *To show predictor variables having significant association with the outcome variable.

Abbreviations: ARR, adjusted relative risk; CI, confidence interval.