Structural Zero Data of COVID-19 Discovers Exodus Probabilities

Figures & data

Table 1 Survey Data on Malaysians Knowledge About COVID-19⁶

Knowledge	A (Agree)	B (Disagree)	(Neither)
COVID-19 is a contagious disease that causes symptoms in lungs and airways like coughing, sore throat and difficulty breathing. (True), K1	0.989	0.008	0.003
COVID-19 is caused by a bacterium called SARS-CoV-2 and can be treated with antibiotics. (False), K2	0.171	0.182	0.647
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a virus that previously only infected animals but now infects humans. (True), K3	0.702	0.141	0.157
COVID-19 is a pandemic disease which means it was not making people sick previously, but now has spread all over the world. (True), K4	0.685	0.121	0.194
There is currently no approved vaccine to prevent COVID-19. (True), K5	0.935	0.040	0.025

Table 2 Survey Data on Malaysians Perception About COVID-19⁶

Perception	A (Agree)	B (Disagree)	(Neither)
I believe COVID-19 is a very deadly disease, P1	0.790	0.116	0.094
I am worried about me and my loved ones getting sick with COVID-19, P2	0.963	0.028	0.009
I am worried about spreading COVID-19 to others, P3	0.944	0.036	0.020
I am worried about the impact of COVID-19 on my work, livelihood and the economy, P4	0.961	0.027	0.012
I am able to reduce my risk of getting COVID-19 by avoiding crowded public areas, keeping my hands clean, and not touching my face, P5	0.991	0.005	0.004
The closures of areas of congregations such as schools and places of worship are an extreme and unnecessary measure to control the spread of COVID-19, P6	0.164	0.086	0.750

Table 3 Data on Malaysians Communication About COVID-19*⁶

Communication	A (Agree)	B (Disagree)	(Neither)
I obtain most of my information on COVID-19 from friends, family and social groups on social media (WhatsApp, Facebook, IG, Twitter, TikTok), C2	0.668	0.151	0.181
I do not understand details about COVID-19 because they are too technical and complicated, C3	0.116	0.209	0.675
I am more likely to understand and prefer to receive info about COVID-19 on video rather than articles or static visuals/infographics, C4	0.430	0.335	0.235
I have received a lot of quality information on COVID-19 on social media, C5	0.773	0.149	0.078
I have received a lot of questionable information/fake news on COVID-19 on social media, C6	0.779	0.139	0.082
I am eager to share information that I think can help us reduce the risk and spread of COVID-19, C7	0.798	0.152	0.050
I check information I receive on social media with sources such as health andgovernment agency websites and science news outlets before sharing/forwarding to others, C8	0.879	0.098	0.023
The communication I have received about COVID-19 has strongly influenced how I think about the disease and what I do to protect myself, my loved ones, and my community, C9	0.945	0.047	0.008

Note: *For some reason, the item C1 is not reported in. Adapted from Mohd Hanafiah, Khayriyyah; Wan, Chang Da (2020): Public knowledge, perception and communication behavior surrounding COVID-19 in Malaysia. Advance. Preprint. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.⁶

Table 4 Exodus Probabilities for Knowledge on COVID-19

Question	in (1)	in (2)	in (5)	in (6)	on (7)
K1	0.008	0.991	0.003	1.4E-14	6.543E-05
K2	0.515	0.484	−0.168	1.3E-16	1.132
K3	0.167	0.832	0.006	0	0.040
K4	0.150	0.849	−0.024	0	0.031
K5	0.041	0.958	0.011	−2.8E-15	0.001

Table 5 Exodus Probabilities for Perception on COVID-19

Question	in (1)	in (2)	in (5)	in (6)	on (7)
P1	0.128	0.872	0.023	0	0.021
P2	0.028	0.972	0.015	−4E-15	0.001
P3	0.037	0.963	0.011	3.1E-15	0.002
P4	0.027	0.973	0.011	0	0.001
P5	0.005	0.995	0.001	0	3E-05
P6	0.344	0.656	−0.254	1.8E-16	0.275

Table 6 Exodus Probabilities for Communication on COVID-19

Question	in (1)	in (2)	in (5)	in (6)	on (7)
C2	0.184	0.816	0.002	−7.1E-16	0.051
C3	0.643	0.357	−0.065	0	3.246
C4	0.438	0.562	0.277	−1.9E-16	0.606
C5	0.162	0.838	0.071	0	0.037
C6	0.151	0.849	0.056	0	0.031
C7	0.160	0.840	0.103	−8.2E-16	0.036
C8	0.100	0.900	0.071	1.23E-15	0.012
C9	0.047	0.953	0.035	−2.5E-15	0.002

Mohd Hanafiah, Khayriyyah; Wan, Chang Da (2020): Public knowledge, perception and communication behavior surrounding COVID-19 in Malaysia. Advance. Preprint. https://doi.org/10.31124/advance.12102816.v1

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