Body Mass Index, Practice of Physical Activity and Lifestyle of Students During COVID-19 Lockdown

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Information of the Students. (n=628)

Characteristic	Category	N (%)
Age (years)	18–19	228 (36.3)
	20–21	206 (32.8)
	22–23	130 (20.7)
	24 and Above	64 (10.2)
Gender	Male	183 (29.1)
	Female	445 (70.9)
Year of the study	1st year	194 (30.9)
	2nd year	188 (29.9)
	3rd year	154 (24.5)
	4th year	92 (14.7)
Marital Status	Single	437 (69.6)
	Married	191 (30.4)
Family type	Campus	71 (11.3)
	Simple family	311 (49.5)
	Joint family	246 (39.2)
Time spent on social media/day	<1 hour	43 (6.8)
	1–2 hours	292 (46.5)
	3–4 hours	126 (20.1)
	5 and above	167 (26.6)

Abbreviations: N, number; %, percentage.

Table 2 Comparison of Weight Changes and Parameters Before and During Lockdown

Parameters	Weight Gain (n=200)			Weight Loss (n=139)
	Before Lockdown	During Lockdown	P value	Before Lockdown	During Lockdown	P value
Physical activity parameters
Sedentary time (min/day)	458.6 ± 79.82	524.1 ± 89.16	0.0001***	507.7 ± 85.21	439 ± 72.38	0.0001***
GPAQ score	1122.7 ± 129.42	1082 ± 114.86	0.0001***	1146.1 ± 115.87	1122.7 ± 129.42	0.0576NS
Dietary parameters
Energy (kcal/day)	2987.6 ± 196.71	3021.5 ± 150.94	0.0001***	2651.6 ± 116.67	2635.8 ± 75.21	0.07421NS
Carbohydrate (g/day)	324.2 ± 13.6	330.7 ± 14.26	0.0001***	316.4 ± 5.5	314.2 ± 9.56	0.0031*
Protein (g/day)	50.1 ± 5.8	50.7 ± 5.96	0.0001***	46.8 ± 4.37	47.3 ± 4.71	0.00156*
Fat (g/day)	148.7 ± 17.16	143.7 ± 13.8	0.0001***	178.4 ± 4.14	176.8 ± 10.21	0.03493*
Fast food consumption	180 (28.6)	108 (17.2)	0.0001***	125 (19.9)	75 (11.9)	0.0001***
Fried food consumption	174 (27.7)	102 (16.2)	0.0001***	120 (19.1)	66 (10.5)	0.0001***
Sleep parameters
PSQI score	7.2 ± 1.26	6.5 ± 1.05	0.0001***	6.4 ± 1.05	6.3 ± 1.21	0.59803NS
Mental health parameters
PSS-10 score	19.1 ± 2.89	15.5 ± 1.43	0.0001***	19.9 ± 2.89	19.1 ± 3.3	0.00209*

Notes: *Significance at p < 0.05; ***significance at p < 0.001.

Abbreviation: NS, non-significant.

Figure 1 BMI of the students before and during COVID-19 lockdown.

Table 3 Comparison of Physical Activity of the Students Before and During Lockdown. (n=628)

Parameters		Before Lockdown	During Lockdown	P value
Sedentary time (min/day)	Mean ± SD	448.7± 73.6	517.8 ± 83.03	0.0001***
GPAQ score (MET-min/week)		1149.2 ± 120.08	1116.5 ± 125.3	0.0001***
Recommended GPAQ ≥600 MET-min/week	Yes	327 (52.1%)	301 (47.9%)	0.0319*
	No	289 (46.1%)	339 (53.9%)

Notes: *Significance at p < 0.05; ***significance at p < 0.001.

Table 4 Comparison of Lifestyle of the Students Before and During Lockdown. (n=628)

Components	Parameters		Before Lockdown	During Lockdown	P value
Diet	Energy (kcal/day)		2876.4 ± 158.2	2684.3 ± 172.6	0.001**
	Carbohydrate (g/day)		328.6 ± 33.8	303.8 ± 26.6	0.001**
	Protein (g/day)		49.2 ± 12.8	51.4 ± 16.7	0.001**
	Fat (g/day)		150.8 ± 128.0	123.6 ± 86.6	0.001*
	Fast food consumption	Yes	569 (90.6)	341 (54.3)	0.001**
		No	59 (9.4)	287 (45.7)
	Fried food consumption	Yes	547 (87.1)	321 (51.1)	0.001**
		No	81 (12.9)	307 (48.9)
Sleep	PSQI score		6.8 ± 3.1	5.9 ± 2.8	0.001**
	Sleep quality	Good	188 (29.9)	126 (20.1)	0.001**
		Bad	440 (70.1)	502 (79.9)
Mental health	PSS-10 score		21.6 ± 5.8	17.4 ± 6.7	0.003*
	Total sleeping time (hour/day)		6.6 ± 2.3	8.3 ± 2.7	0.001**

Notes: *Significance at p < 0.05; **significance at p < 0.01.

Table 5 Association of Weight Changes and Baseline Information of the Students During Lockdown. (n=628)

Characteristic	Category	Weight Gain	Weight Loss	No Weight Changes	Chi-Square test
Age (years)	18–19	75	54	99	X^2 = 2.3261
					p = 0.887403 NS
	20–21	63	42	101
	22–23	42	31	57
	24 and Above	20	12	32
Gender	Male	66	38	79	X^2 = 2.1174
					p = 0.346909 NS
	Female	134	101	210
Year of the study	1st year	50	49	95	X^2 = 14.1702
					p = 0.027792*
	2nd year	61	36	91
	3rd year	48	41	65
	4th year	41	13	38
Marital Status	Single	131	96	210	X^2 = 2.8896
					p = 0.23579 NS
	Married	69	43	79
Family type	Campus	19	15	37	X^2 = 8.0562
					p = 0.089541 NS
	Simple family	89	67	155
	Joint family	92	57	97
Time spent on social media/day	<1 hour	8	15	20	X^2 = 55.7124
					p= 0.0001***
	1–2 hours	106	52	34
	3–4 hours	42	29	55
	5 and above	44	43	80

Notes: *Significance at p < 0.05; ***significance at p < 0.001.

Abbreviation: NS, non-significant.