A Nomogram-Based Study: A Way Forward to Predict the Anxiety Status in Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic Characteristics and Baseline Data of the Study Sample

Characteristic	Category	Cases of Anxiety	Cases of Un-Anxiety	X^2 value	P value
Gender	Males	7	81	7.223	0.007
	Females	58	226
Age, years	20~29	20	87	6.144	0.1.5
	30~39	35	143
	40~49	5	62
	50~59	5	15
Marital status	Not married	5	60	10.892	0.004
	Married	60	227
	Divorced	0	20
Occupation	Physician	31	138	0.162	0.687
	Nurse	34	169
Professional title	No title	5	30	7.953	0.047
	Primary	10	82
	Intermediate	33	152
	Senior	17	43
Educational background	Specialist Education	14	51	1.339	0.512
	Bachelor degree	40	211
	Master degree	11	45
Work place	Intersection quarantine point	32	148	28.072	<0.001
	Follow-up for pre-inspection	0	60
	Fever clinics	26	94
	Isolation wards	7	5
Case of colleague infection	Uninfected	37	301	108.941	<0.001
	Infected	28	6
Family supports	Supported	30	188	53.229	<0.001
	Not care	19	114
	Not supported	16	5
Mask	Very sufficient	0	15	11.857	0.018
	Relatively sufficient	5	36
	Generally sufficient	23	132
	Relatively inadequate	20	47
	Inadequate	17	77
Isolation clothes	Very sufficient	5	15	12.675	0.013
	Relatively sufficient	22	57
	Generally sufficient	11	105
	Relatively inadequate	17	94
	Inadequate	10	36
Salary	Very reasonable	5	12	17.368	0.002
	Relatively reasonable	18	88
	Generally reasonable	25	136
	Relatively irreasonable	17	36
	Irreasonable	0	35
Convenience of traffic	Very convenient	5	42	12.5	0.014
	Relatively convenient	17	105
	Generally convenient	17	88
	Relatively inconvenient	16	57
	Inconvenient	10	15
Participation time	<1 week	0	5	23.995	<0.001
	1~2 weeks	0	5
	2~3 weeks	5	42
	3~4 weeks	0	63
	>4 weeks	60	192
Break time	One day a week	37	205	45.923	<0.001
	One day every two weeks	12	17
	One day every three weeks	6	0
	One day every four weeks	5	20
	No time to rest	5	65
Epidemic prevention area	In Hubei Province	21	11	56.144	<0.001
	Outside Hubei Province	44	296

Table 2 Results from Univariate Logistic Regression Analysis

Variables	OR	95% CI	P value
Work place for epidemic prevention	1.32	1.01~1.74	<0.05
Participation time	2.72	1.54~4.82	<0.05
Isolation clothes	0.86	0.67~1.10	>0.05
Mask	1.30	1.01~1.67	<0.05
Break time	0.93	0.78~1.10	>0.05
Salary	0.86	0.65~1.13	>0.05
Convenience of traffic	1.46	1.15~1.86	<0.05
Personnel cooperation	2.13	1.51~3.01	<0.05
Family supports	2.62	1.71~4.00	<0.05
Case of colleague infection	37.96	14.75~97.73	<0.05
Hospital level	0.92	0.72~1.17	>0.05
Epidemic prevention area	12.84	5.80~28.45	<0.05
Age	0.87	0.62~1.21	>0.05
Marital status	1.24	0.88~1.76	>0.05
Gender	2.97	1.30~6.77	<0.05
Educational background	0.92	0.58~1.47	>0.05
Professional title	1.51	1.08~2.13	<0.05

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Table 3 Results from Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis

Contributing Factors	OR	95% CI	P value
Participation time	7.35	3.10~17.45	<0.05
Convenience of traffic	1.78	1.26~2.52	<0.05
Case of colleague infection	32.51	10.51~100.59	<0.05
Work place for epidemic prevention	10.29	3.21~33.03	<0.05
Gender	4.31	1.40~13.24	<0.05
Professional title	2.06	1.26~3.36	<0.05

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Figure 1 The nomogram to predict the anxiety in medical staff during the period of epidemic prevention and control. “Time” indicates the participation time, “rest” indicates rest time, “zone” indicates the epidemic prevention area, “equipment” indicates epidemic prevention equipment, “infection” indicates the colleague infection.

Figure 2 Internal validation of the nomogram. (A) The ROC curve in the training set. (B) The calibration plot in the training set.

Figure 3 External validation of the nomogram. (A) The ROC curve in the validation set. (B) The calibration plot in the validation set.

Figure 4 Decision curve analyses. “Treat All” indicates the positive control that all subjects experienced treatment. “Treat None” indicates the negative control that all subjects experienced no treatment. “Pr(anxiety)” indicates the net benefit increment for the anxiety risk prediction using the constructed nomogram.