Nutritional Status Link with Polioseronegativity Among Children from Poliomyelitis Transmission High-Risk Area of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Participating Parents or Guardians

Characteristics	Frequency (n=968)	Percentage (%)	Mean±SD
Mother ‘s age (years old)			30.4±8.7
< 20	228	23.6
20–35	690	71.3
> 35	50	5.2
Province
Tanganyika	641	66.2
Haut-Lomami	327	33.8
Mother’s education
Primary school or apprentice	722	74.6
Secondary school and university	246	25.4
Father’s education
Primary school or apprentice	748	77.3
Secondary school and university	220	22.7
Father’s age (years old)			34.0±11.2
< 20	67	6.9
20–35	553	57.1
> 35	348	36.0
Parent occupation
With remunerative occupation	896	92.6
Without remunerative occupation	72	7.4
Household density			8.6±4.3
≤6	342	35.3
>6	626	64.7
Relationship of the respondent with the child
Child’s mother	598	62.0
Child’s father	286	30.0
Grandparents	44	5.0
Other relatives	40	4.0
Religion of respondent
Protestant	618	64.0
Catholic	186	19.0
Animist	37	4.0
Revival church	31	3.0
Kimbanguist	24	2.0
Muslim	6	1.0
Others	66	7.0
Tribe of respondent
Luba	934	96.5
Others	34	3.5

Table 2 Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Characteristics of the Targeted Child

Characteristic	Frequency (n=968)	Percentage (%)	Mean±SD
Number of children under 5 years old in household*			8±4
≤ 2	585	60.4
> 2	383	39.6
Child age (month old)			14.9±6.1
6–11	64	6.6
12–23	134	13.8
24–59	770	79.6
Sex
Female	456	47.1
Male	512	52.9
Height(cm)
< 72.5	543	56.0
≥ 72.5	425	44.0
Weight(kg)
≥ 10.5	267	28.0
< 10.5	701	72.0
MUAC(cm)
< 13.5	321	33.0
≥ 13.5	647	67.0

Note: *Only one child was included in the study per household.

Table 3 Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Children 6–59 Months per Province

Nutritional Status	Total (n=968)	Haut-Lomami (n=327)	Tanganyika (n=641)
	Frequency (%)	Frequency (%)	Frequency (%)
Underweight
Yes	239 (24.7)	63 (19.3)	176 (27.5)
No	729 (75.3)	264 (80.7)	465 (72.5)
Stunting
Yes	530 (54.8)	218 (66.7)	312 (48.7)
No	438 (45.2)	109 (33.3)	329 (51.3)
Wasting
Yes	149 (15.4)	34 (10.4)	115 (17.9)
No	819 (84.6)	293 (89.6)	526 (82.1)

Table 4 Seronegativity to Polioserotypes and Nutritional Status of the Child

Nutritional Status	All			S1			S2			S3
	n/N=(%)	OR [IC à 95%]	p-value	n/N=(%)	OR [IC à 95%]	p-value	n/N=(%)	OR [IC à 95%]	p-value	n/N=(%)	OR [IC à 95%]	p-value
Underweight
Yes	30/239=(12.6)	1,68[1,10–2,57]	0,02*	152/239=(63.6)	1,50[1,11–2,03]	0.008*	162/239=(67.8)	1,64[1,20–2,24]	0.001*	152/239=(63.6)	1,50[1,11–2,03]	0.008*
No	587/729=(80.5)			392/729=(53.8)			409/729=(56.1)			392/729=(53.8)
Stunting
Yes	442/530=(83.4)	0,83[0,60–1,16]	0,30	308/530=(58.1)	1,18[0,98–1,53]	0,19	316/530=(59.6)	1,06[0,81–1,37]	0,66	337/530=(63.6)	1,14[0,87–1,48]	0,33
No	354/438=(80.8)			236/438=(53.9)			255/438=(58.2)			265/438=(60.5)
Wasting
Yes	126/149=(84.1)	0,82[0,50–1,32]	0,42	91/149=(61.1)	1,26[0,88–1,81]	0,19	96/149=(64.4)	1,31[0,91–1,88]	0,14	99/149=(66.4)	1,24[0,86–1,79]	0,24
No	670/819=(81.8)			453/819=(55.3)			475/819=(58.0)			503/819=(61.4)
Receiption of Vit A
Yes	383/491=(78.0)	1,82[1,30–2,55]	<0.001*	236/491=(48.1)	1,96[1,52–2,54]	<0.001*	264/491=(58.8)	1,55[1,20–2,01]	0.001*	272/491=(55.4)	1,80[1,38–2,35]	<0.001*
No	413/477=(86.6)			308/477=(64.6)			307/477=(64.4)			330/477=(69.2)

Notes: *Pearson chi-square test at significance level p<0.05; S1= Seronegativity to polioserotype 1; S2= Seronegativity to polioserotype 2; S3= Seronegativity to polioserotype 3; All= Seronegativity for the 3 polioserotypes.