Antenatal Screening for Toxoplasmosis and Rubella in Saudi Arabia: Assessing the Need for Screening

Figures & data

Table 1 The Distribution of Clinical Diagnostic Parameters of the Included Pregnant Women

Characteristics	Number of Tested Women	Low			Normal			High
		F	% All Women (n=3653)	% of Tested Women	F	% All Women (n=3653)	% of Tested Women	F	% All Women (n=3653)	% of Tested Women
IgG	15	1	0.03	6.6	10	0.27	66.7	4	0.11	26.7
IgA	14	–	–	–	9	0.25	64.3	5	0.14	35.7
IgM	13	2	0.05	15.3	7	0.19	0.19	4	0.11	30.8

Abbreviations: IgG, Immunoglobulin G; IgM, Immunoglobulin M; IgA, Immunoglobulin A; F, Frequency.

Table 2 Prevalence of Seropositivity of Toxoplasmosis and Rubella Among All Pregnant Women (n = 3653)

Infection		Frequency	% of All Women (n=3653)	% of Tested Women
Toxo-G	Positive	439	12.0	12.0
	Negative	3213	88.0	88.0
	Not tested	1	0.02	–
Rubella-G	Positive	2608	71.4	71.4
	Negative	1043	28.6	28.6
	Not tested	2	0.05	–
Toxo-M	Weak positive	2	0.06	0.06
	Equivocal	4	0.11	0.11
	Grey zone	1	0.03	0.03
	Negative	3646	99.8	99.8
Rubella-M	Positive	0	0	0
	Negative	100	2.7	100.0
	Not tested	3553	97.3	–

Abbreviations: IgG, Immunoglobulin G; IgM, Immunoglobulin M; IgA, Immunoglobulin A.

Table 3 Clinical Outcomes of the Pregnant Women Based on Comorbidities, Pregnancy Complications, and Course of Delivery (n = 785)

Outcomes	Frequency	Incidence Proportion (%)
Normal pregnancy or spontaneous delivery with good general health	158	20.1
Normal pregnancy or spontaneous delivery with chronic illness	431	54.9
Normal pregnancy with cesarian operation	7	0.9
Problems in pregnancy	147	18.7
Problems in delivery	32	4.1
Abnormal pregnancy or delivery with comorbidities	10	1.3

Table 4 Difference Between Certain Clinical Parameters Among Pregnant Women Based on the Course of Pregnancy and Delivery

Clinical Parameters	Problems in the Pregnancy (Regardless of Presence of Comorbidities or Complicated Delivery)	N	Mean	t-test	P-value
Age	Normal pregnancy	628	31.6	0.21	0.834
	Complicated pregnancy	157	31.5
Toxo-G	Normal pregnancy	628	2.1	2.06	0.040*
	Complicated pregnancy	157	1.3
Rubella- G	Normal pregnancy	626	34.1	1.24	0.217
	Complicated pregnancy	157	29.1
Clinical Parameters	Problems in the Pregnancy and/or Delivery	N	Mean	t-test	P-value
Age	Normal pregnancy and delivery	596	31.6	−0.18	0.861
	Complicated pregnancy or delivery	189	31.7
Toxo-G	Normal pregnancy and delivery	596	2.2	2.15	0.032*
	Complicated pregnancy or delivery	189	1.2
Rubella- G	Normal pregnancy and delivery	594	33.8	0.76	0.445
	Complicated pregnancy or delivery	189	30.9

Note: *Significant.

Abbreviations: IgG, Immunoglobulin G; IgM, Immunoglobulin M; IgA, Immunoglobulin A.