A Study on the Effect of Lidocaine-Assisted Non-Coring Needle Placement Using Painless Encircling Puncture in Children with Totally Implantable Venous Access Device

Figures & data

Table 1 Comparison of General Information of Children in Two Groups (n=106)

Items	Control group (n=52)	Experimental group (n=54)	T /χ^2	P
Age (years, )	5.69±2.66	5.77±2.80	0.154	0.878
Sex [cases (percentage, %)]			0.593	0.441
Male	25 (48.08)	30 (55.56)
Female	27 (51.92)	24 (44.44)
Duration of TIVAP placement(months, )	9.96±2.78	9.96±2.86	0.003	0.998
BMI	19.38±3.17	18.72±4.87	0.971	0.237
Disease type			1.741	0.783
Short bowel syndrome	3	5
Hepatoblastoma	11	13
Nephroblastoma	9	11
Neuroblastoma	12	13
Other neoplasms	17	12

Abbreviations: TIVAP, totally implantable venous access port; BMI, Body Mass Index.

Table 2 Comparison of Pain Level Between the Two Groups of Children Using FPS-R and FLACC Pain Assessment Scales (Score)

Items	Control group	Experimental group	T /χ^2	P
Mild pain	5	16	9.220	0.010
Moderate pain	19	22
Severe pain	28	16
Total pain score ()	7.89±2.38	5.23±6.17	6.812	0.007

Table 3 Comparison of Catheter Sealing Fluid Volume and Catheter Blockage Rate Between the Two Groups of Children

Items	Control group	Experimental group	T /χ^2	P
Tube sealing volume (mL)	9.32±1.32	7.66±1.08	−7.081	0.000
Rate of tube blockage [cases (percentage, %)]			4.656	0.031
Residual blood	13 (25.00)	5 (9.26)
No residual blood	39 (75.00)	49 (90.74)