Managing Post-Stroke Fatigue Using a Mobile Health Called iHealth After Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Figures & data

Figure 1 A flowchart of study process.

Figure 2 Study recruitment profile.

Table 1 Fixed Parameter Overview of the 4 Final Models with Each Activity Feature as the Fatigue Predictor

Model	Predictor	SCC (ß)	SE	95% CI	P value
Type of activity	Doing nothing	2.517	0.299	2.114–3.315	<0.001
	Sedentary	2.332	0.257	1.986–3.243	<0.001
	Daily work	−0.436	0.153	−0.779–−0.143	0.004
	Domestic work	−0.336	0.121	−0.514–−0.074	0.007
	Relaxin	−0.405	0.113	−0.621–−0.172	<0.001
	Daily traffic	−0.380	0.134	−0.613–−0.101	0.014
	Enjoyable activities	−0.274	0.051	−0.323–−0.154	<0.001
	Other activities	−0.313	0.112	−0.595–−0.132	0.001
Family support	Intercept	3.882	0.318	3.122–4.271	<0.001
	Support	−0.261	0.064	−0.371–0.162	<0.001
Emotional Well-being	Intercept	2.872	0.291	1.987–3.282	<0.001
	Well-being	−0.278	0.037	0.091–0.243	<0.001
Physical activity	Intercept	2.631	0.213	2.112–3.213	<0.001
	Activity	0.078	0.027	0.022–0.142	0.013

Table 2 Multivariate Analysis of Various Models for PSF Following ICH

Model	OR	95% CI	P value
Enjoyable activities	0.029	0.009–0.063	<0.001
Family support	0.032	0.008–0.051	0.001
Emotional Well-being	0.031	0.011–0.079	0.002
Physical activity	1.702	1.067–3.132	0.001

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.

Table 3 Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of the Participants Between Non-mHI and mHI Groups

Variables	Non-mHI Group (n=50)	mHI Group (n=175)	P-value
Demographic characteristics
Age (IQR)	57(52,73)	60(51,72.5)	0.663
Sex, male (%)	35 (70)	123 (70.3)	0.969
Education, median (IQR)	4(3, 5)	4(3, 5)	0.895
Married, n (%)	47(94)	159(90.9)	0.578
Vascular risk factors
Smoking, n (%)	17(34.1)	57(32.6)	0.850
Drinking, n (%)	17(34)	62(35.4)	0.852
Hypertension, n (%)	32(64)	126(72)	0.275
Diabetes, n (%)	8(16)	24(13.7)	0.683
Atrial fibrillation, n (%)	2(4)	4(2.3)	0.617
Coronary heart disease, n (%)	5(10)	19(10.9)	0.863
Previous stroke, n (%)	16(32)	65(37.1)	0.504
Hematoma location, n (%)
Frontal lobe, n (%)	2(4)	4(2.3)	0.617
Parietal lobe, n (%)	1(2)	9(5.1)	0.465
Temporal lobe, n (%)	2(4)	3(1.7)	0.308
Occipital lobe, n (%)	2(4)	11(6.29)	0.738
Basal ganglia, n (%)	26(52)	82(46.9)	0.521
Brainstem, n (%)	1(2)	8(4.6)	0.688
Cerebellum, n (%)	4(8)	19(10.86)	0.556
Concurrent ventricular hemorrhage, n (%)	8(16)	39(22.3)	0.335
Hematoma volume, mL, median (IQR)	12(10, 17)	13(10, 17)	0.407
Neuropsychological function at time of discharge, median (IQR)
NIHSS score	11(7, 14)	11(8, 13)	0.932
mRS score	2(2, 4)	2(1, 4)	0.897
HAMA score	13(9.5, 19)	12(9,15)	0.093
HAMD score	5(3, 6)	5(3, 6)	0.924
Neuropsychological function at 3 month
NIHSS score, median (IQR)	10(6, 15)	8(5.5, 12)	<0.001
FSS ≥4, n(%)	20 (40)	23 (13.1)	<0.001
mRS score	2(1, 4)	1(1, 2)	<0.001
HAMA score	12(10, 15)	6(5, 8)	<0.001
HAMD score	6(5, 8)	4(2, 6)	<0.001

Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; mHI, mobile Health Intervention; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; mRS, modified Rankin Scale.