Stroke subtype, age, and baseline NIHSS score predict ischemic stroke outcomes at 3 months: a preliminary study from Central Nepal

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Characteristics (N=56)	n (%)
Sex
Male	35 (62.5)
Female	21 (37.5)
Age (years)a	67.04±13.39
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)a	153.08±35.89
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)a	91.04±16.62
Temperature (°F)b	98 (98–98)
Stroke subtype
Large artery	10 (17.9)
Cardioembolic	20 (35.7)
Small vessel	26 (46.4)
MCA hypodensity
None	7 (12.5)
≤33%	29 (51.8)
>33%	20 (35.7)
Previous stroke	8 (14.3)
Coronary artery disease	2 (3.6)
Hyperlipidemia	4 (7.1)
Hypertension	35 (62.5)
Diabetes	8 (14.3)
Atrial fibrillation	12 (21.4)
Smoking
Current smoker	17 (30.4)
Previous smoker	16 (28.6)
None	23 (41.1)
Alcohol consumption	20 (35.7)
Baseline NIHSS scoreb	13.5 (6–20)
Hemoglobin (g/dL)a	12.69±2.26
Blood glucose level (mg/dL)b	110.80 (96.93–134.83)
High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)a	34.90±8.77
Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL)a	88.06±33.95
Very low density lipoprotein (mg/dL)b	17.19 (13.3–26.1)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)a	142.28±35.60
Triglyceride (mg/dL)b	89.80 (66.5–130.5)
Antithrombotic time (h)b	22 (12–36)
Antithrombotic agents
Aspirin	36 (64.3)
Nicoumalone	1 (1.8)
Clopidogrel	1 (1.8)
Aspirin plus nicoumalone	5 (8.9)
Aspirin plus clopidogrel	1 (1.8)
Aspirin plus heparin	10 (17.9)
Aspirin plus warfarin	1 (1.8)
Nicoumalone plus heparin	1 (1.8)
Statins
Atorvastatin	55 (98.2)
Rosuvastatin	1 (1.8)
Antihypertensive agents	37 (66.1)
Number of modifiable risk factors
None	1 (1.8)
One	13 (23.2)
Two	18 (32.1)
Three	17 (30.4)
Four	6 (10.7)
Five	1 (1.8)

Notes:

a Mean ± SD;

b median (IQR).

Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; MCA, middle cerebral artery; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Association of baseline variables with outcome measure

Characteristics	Death/disability		P-value
	No, n (%)	Yes, n (%)
Sex
Male	15 (51.7)	20 (74.1)	0.147
Stroke subtype
Large artery	2 (6.9)	8 (29.6)	0.007*
Cardioembolic	8 (27.6)	12 (44.4)
Small vessel	19 (65.5)	7 (25.9)
Previous strokea
Yes	2 (6.9)	6 (22.2)	0.137
CADa
Yes	2 (6.9)	0	0.492
Hyperlipidemiaa
Yes	3 (10.3)	1 (3.7)	0.612
Hypertension
Yes	17 (58.6)	18 (66.7)	0.730
Diabetesa
Yes	4 (13.8)	4 (14.8)	1.000
Atrial fibrillation
Yes	4 (13.8)	8 (29.6)	0.264
Smoking status
No	12 (41.4)	11 (40.7)	0.686
Current smoker	10 (34.5)	7 (25.9)
Previous smoker	7 (24.1)	9 (33.3)
Alcohol consumption
Yes	7 (24.1)	13 (48.1)	0.111
Antihypertensive
Yes	18 (62.1)	19 (70.4)	0.709
Age (years)b	64.17	70.11	0.097
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)b	149.6	156.30	0.507
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)b	87.92	93.93	0.196
Hemoglobin (g/dL)b	12.49	12.92	0.483
Temperature (°F)c	98	98	0.361
Blood glucose level (mg/dL)c	110.30	111.30	0.688
Antithrombotic time (h)c	23	20	0.614
Baseline NIHSS scorec	8.0	20.0	<0.001**
High-density lipoproteinb	36.74	32.25	0.117
Low-density lipoproteinb	85.07	92.36	0.517
Very low density lipoproteinc	17.90	16.77	0.471
Total cholesterolb	143.39	140.69	0.819
Triglyceridec	89.80	83.85	0.471

Notes:

a Fischer exact χ²;

b mean;

c median;

* significant at P<0.05;

** significant at P<0.001.

Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.

Table 3 Multiple logistic regression analysis of outcome measures

Characteristics	β (SE)	P-value	OR (95% CI)
Larger artery stroke	5.649 (2.039)	0.006*	284.145 (5.221–15465.136)
Cardioembolic stroke	0.360 (0.982)	0.714	1.434 (0.209–9.830)
Age (years)	0.107 (0.053)	0.045*	1.113 (1.002–1.236)
Baseline NIHSS score	0.443 (0.136)	0.001*	1.557 (1.194–2.032)

Note:

* Significant at P<0.05.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; OR, odds ratio; SE, standard error.