Gross and fine motor function in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the participants by group

Variables	HC	CFS	FM	p-values
Age (years)	34.7 (7.4)	31.8 (8.2)	36.7 (8.4)	0.195
Weight (kg)	69 (9.5)a	71.5 (13.9)	81.4 (16.7)a	0.014
Height (cm)	167.2 (7.5)	168.2 (5.6)	169.7 (6)	0.455
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.7 (3)	25.4 (5.6)	28.2 (5.3)	0.054
Education (years)	16.2 (2.2)a,b	13.7 (2.4)b	13.8 (2.0)a	0.001
Pain	0.1 (0.3)a	0.9 (1.2)b	3.3 (1.6)a,b	0.001
Fatigue	0.7 (0.8)a,b	2.7 (1.5)b	2.6 (1.9)a	0.001
Handedness (Rt/Lt)	20/0	20/0	18/2
Start leg (Rt/Lt)	14/6	16/4	17/3

Notes: Data shown as mean (standard deviation) or number.

a,b Significant differences between groups are indicated by the same superscript letters.

Abbreviations: HC, healthy control; CFS, chronic fatigue syndrome; FM, fibromyalgia; BMI, body mass index; Rt, right; Lt, left.

Figure 1 The onset determination of gait initiation.

Notes: The onset of gait initiation was determined from CoP as the first mediolateral deviation from baseline (black arrow), which occurred toward the same side as the swing leg. The red line shows mediolateral direction of CoP. The green line shows anteroposterior direction of CoP. At lift off of the swing leg, CoP deviated toward the side of the stance leg. A negative value denotes right direction. Thus, the right leg is the swing leg in this example. This pattern was uniform and occurred in all participants regardless of whether they were starting with the right or left leg.
Abbreviation: CoP, center of pressure.

Table 2 Between-group comparisons of the RT results with Bonferroni adjustment

Groups	Mean difference	Lower CI	Upper CI	p-values
CFS – HC	0.026	0.007	0.046	0.004*
FM – HC	0.034	0.013	0.054	0.001*
FM – CFS	0.007	−0.013	0.027	1.000

Notes: The participants’ weight was used as the covariate.

* Indicates significant difference between groups.

Abbreviations: RT, reaction time; CI, confidence interval; HC, healthy control; CFS, chronic fatigue syndrome; FM, fibromyalgia.