Application of advanced biomechanical methods in studying low back pain – recent development in estimation of lower back loads and large-array surface electromyography and findings

Figures & data

Figure 1 A simplified mechanical pathway linking exposure to LBP risk factors with the development of LBP.

Notes: Arrows indicate mechanical (solid line), information (thin broken line), and other types of interactions (thick broken line). Blue and red colors represent external and internal variables, respectively.
Abbreviations: LBP, low back pain; CNS, central nervous system.