Perceptions and Beliefs Regarding NSAIDs in the Asia-Pacific Region

Figures & data

Table 1 MEDLINE^® Search Strategy Through PubMed^®

#	Queries	Hits
1	“cyclooxygenase inhibitors”[MeSH^®] OR “anti-inflammatory agents, non-steroidal”[MeSH^®] OR “non-steroidal anti-inflammatory”[tiab] OR “nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory”[tiab] OR “non-steroidal antiinflammatory”[tiab] OR “nonsteroidal antiinflammatory”[tiab] OR “non-steroid anti-inflammatory”[tiab] OR “non-steroid antiinflammatory”[tiab] OR “nonsteroid antiinflammatory”[tiab] OR “NSAIDs”[tiab] OR “NSAID”[tiab] OR “Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs”[tiab]	97,389
2	“Perception”[tiab] OR “Perceptions”[tiab] OR “preference”[tiab] OR “preferences”[tiab] OR “perspective”[tiab] OR “opinion”[tiab] OR “opinions”[tiab] OR “Prescribing Pattern”[tiab] OR “Practice Patterns”[tiab] OR “awareness”[tiab] OR “Belief”[tiab] OR “Believe”[tiab] OR “Prescription pattern”[tiab]	803,722
3	“Biological Therapy”[MeSH^®] OR “Plant Oils”[MeSH^®] OR “Spectrum Analysis” [MeSH^®] OR “Molecular Dynamics Simulation”[MeSH^®] OR “Protein Aggregates”[MeSH^®] OR “Amyloid beta-Peptides”[MeSH^®] OR drug evaluation studies, preclinical[MeSH^® Terms] OR medicinal plants testing, preclinical[MeSH^®] OR “systematic review”[tiab] OR “Case reports”[ptyp] OR “Case report”[tiab] OR “case series”[tiab] OR “case study”[tiab] OR “meta-analysis”[Publication Type] OR “meta-analysis”[tiab] OR “Cost-effectiveness”[tiab] OR “rat” OR “rats” OR “mouse” OR “mice” OR “pig” OR “pigs” OR “horse” OR “equine” OR “veterinary” OR “Animal” OR “Animals” OR “Birds” OR “bird” OR “virus” OR “brolga” OR “Avian”	10,160,450
5	(((((#1 AND #2) NOT #3) Publication date: 2008–2018) Human) English)	601

Table 2 Embase^® Search Strategy Through Ovid^®

#	Queries	Hits
1	cyclooxygenase inhibitors.mp. or prostaglandin synthase inhibitor/	10,018
2	(cox adj inhibitor$1).ti,ab.	2898
3	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.mp. or Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/	14,587
4	non?steroid$ anti?inflammatory.ti,ab.	5774
5	nsaid$1.ti,ab.	38,506
6	perception$1.ti,ab.	257,798
7	*prescription/or *prescription drug misuse/	34,212
8	(prescribing adj pattern$1).ti,ab.	4358
9	(prescription adj pattern$1).ti,ab.	2154
10	(practice adj pattern$1).ti,ab.	10,692
11	exp Biological Therapy/	1,443,475
12	exp preclinical study/	15,294
13	exp Plant Oils/	74,624
14	exp Spectrum Analysis/	348,769
15	exp Molecular Dynamics Simulation/	114,549
16	exp Protein Aggregates/	2135
17	exp Amyloid beta-Peptides/	35,915
18	systematic review$1.ti,ab.	153,199
19	case report/	2,266,125
20	case series.mp. or case study/	108,437
21	meta analysis/	147,444
22	(Cost adj1 effectiveness).ti,ab.	72,337
23	exp rats/	1,629,941
24	exp mouse/	1,620,316
25	exp pig/	42,843
26	exp horse/	59,383
27	veterinary.mp. or veterinary.ti,ab.	100,448
28	exp Birds/	203,853
29	11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28	7,679,003
30	preference$1.ti,ab.	157,129
31	believe.ti,ab.	108,989
32	belief.ti,ab.	35,558
33	awareness.ti,ab.	172,345
34	1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5	58,942
35	nsaid/	113,774
36	34 or 35	139,170
37	6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 30 or 31 or 32 or 33	740,140
38	36 and 37	4674
39	38 not 29	3810
40	limit 39 to (english language and yr=“2008–2018”)	2167

Table 3 Characteristics of Asia-Pacific (APAC) Studies

No.	Author (Year)	Country (Region)	Population Studied	Study Design	Sample Size	Outcomes Studied
1	Gupta (2014)^Citation8	India (APAC)	Students	Cross-sectional study	591	Patient awareness/perception
2	Hong (2016)^Citation9	Korea (APAC)	Patients with cirrhosis	Retrospective review	125,505	Prescription pattern
3	Imtiaz (2013)^Citation10	Pakistan (APAC)	Students	Descriptive cross-sectional study	320	Patient awareness/perception
4	Jagdish (2018)^Citation11	India (APAC)	Patients with rheumatological diagnosis	Prospective study	500	Patient awareness/perception
5	Tanwar (2015)^Citation12	India (APAC)	Undergraduate medical students	Cross-sectional questionnaire-based Study	130	Awareness/Perception
6	Mudhaliar (2016)^Citation13	India (APAC)	Patients at orthopedic outpatient	Retrospective Study	150	Prescription pattern
7	Phueanpinit (2017)^Citation7	Thailand (APAC)	Orthopedic physicians	Cross‐sectional study	66	Prescription pattern/physician perception
8	Saurabh (2010)^Citation14	India (APAC)	Physicians	Survey	NA	Prescription pattern
9	Purkayastha (2016)^Citation15	India (APAC)	Prescriptions	Prospective, observational, non-interventional study	300	Prescription pattern
10	Khan (2016)^Citation16	Pakistan (APAC)	Physicians	Non-interventional, cross sectional study	45 inpatient prescriptions	Prescription pattern
11	Saurabh (2011)^Citation17	India (APAC)	Prescriptions	Cross-sectional descriptive study	600	Prescription pattern
12	Sonal Sekhar (2011)^Citation18	India (APAC)	Patients	Hospital based retrospective study	575	Prescription pattern
13	Ahmad (2015)^Citation19	India (APAC)	Patients	Cross-sectional study	380	Patient perception
14	Chan (2014)^Citation20	Malaysia (APAC)	Medical records	Cross-sectional study	365	Physician perception/awareness
15	Chen (2014)^Citation21	Pakistan (APAC)	Medical/Non-medical Teachers	Cross-sectional study	250	Patient awareness/perception
16	Choudhary (2013)^Citation22	India (APAC)	Doctors, nurses and pharmacists	Questionnaire Survey	72 doctors, 46 pharmacists, 23 nurses	Physician awareness
17	De leon (2008)^Citation23	Philippines (APAC)	General surgeons	Survey	167	Physician perception/preference
18	Nguyen (2014)^Citation24	India (APAC)	Medical students/residents, and GI fellows	Survey	543	Perception/preference
19	Fatima (2017)^Citation25	India (APAC)	Medical and paramedical students	Cross-sectional study	250	Awareness/perception
20	Gul (2014)^Citation26	Pakistan (APAC)	Prescriptions	Retrospective study	200	Prescription pattern
21	Phueanpinit (2016)^Citation27	Thailand (APAC)	Orthopedic patients	Cross-sectional study	474	Patient awareness/perception
22	Ravinthar (2017)^Citation28	India (APAC)	Post graduates and dental practitioners	Survey	100	Physician perception/awareness
23	Antappan (2017)^Citation29	India (APAC)	Orthopedic patients	Prospective observational study	105	Prescription pattern

Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram, study selection flow.

Abbreviation: APAC, Asia-Pacific.

Figure 2 Distribution of included studies (Asia-Pacific) by population studied.

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