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Original Research

Antinociceptive Effect of the Citrus Flavonoid Eriocitrinon Postoperative Pain Conditions

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Pages 805-815 | Published online: 22 Apr 2020

Figures & data

Figure 1 Antinociceptive effect of ERCN and DICL in the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test. Effect of eriocitrin on number of abdominal constrictions (A), and percentage nociception inhibition (B). Each column represents the mean number of writhes or percentage antinociception±SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 as compared to the VEH administered group, one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.

Abbreviations: DICL, diclofenac; ERCN, eriocitrin; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 1 Antinociceptive effect of ERCN and DICL in the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test. Effect of eriocitrin on number of abdominal constrictions (A), and percentage nociception inhibition (B). Each column represents the mean number of writhes or percentage antinociception±SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 as compared to the VEH administered group, one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.Abbreviations: DICL, diclofenac; ERCN, eriocitrin; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 2 Antinociceptive effect of ERCN and MORPH in the hot-plate test. Effect of eriocitrin on latency time (A), and percentage nociception inhibition (B). Each column represents mean latency time in seconds or percentage antinociception±SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 as compared to the VEH administered group, one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.

Abbreviations: ERCN, eriocitrin; MORPH, morphine; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 2 Antinociceptive effect of ERCN and MORPH in the hot-plate test. Effect of eriocitrin on latency time (A), and percentage nociception inhibition (B). Each column represents mean latency time in seconds or percentage antinociception±SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 as compared to the VEH administered group, one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.Abbreviations: ERCN, eriocitrin; MORPH, morphine; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 3 Antinociceptive effect of eriocitrin in the postoperative nociception. (A) Expression of nociception after INCIS surgery. Each symbol represents mean paw withdrawal threshold in g±SEM. *P<0.05 as compared to the VEH administered group, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranked test, n=6 mice per group. (B) Effect of ERCN on postoperative nociception expression. Each symbol represents mean paw withdrawal threshold in g±SEM. ###P<0.05 as compared to the VEH administered group. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the VEH administered incisional control group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.

Abbreviations: ERCN, eriocitrin; INCIS, incisional; Pre, pre-incisional surgery paw withdrawal threshold; BL, baseline paw withdrawal threshold before eriocitrin administration; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 3 Antinociceptive effect of eriocitrin in the postoperative nociception. (A) Expression of nociception after INCIS surgery. Each symbol represents mean paw withdrawal threshold in g±SEM. *P<0.05 as compared to the VEH administered group, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranked test, n=6 mice per group. (B) Effect of ERCN on postoperative nociception expression. Each symbol represents mean paw withdrawal threshold in g±SEM. ###P<0.05 as compared to the VEH administered group. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the VEH administered incisional control group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.Abbreviations: ERCN, eriocitrin; INCIS, incisional; Pre, pre-incisional surgery paw withdrawal threshold; BL, baseline paw withdrawal threshold before eriocitrin administration; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 4 Percentage antinociceptive effect of ERCN in postoperative nociception. Each column represents the mean maximum possible effect±SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the VEH administered incisional control group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.

Abbreviations: ERCN, eriocitrin; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 4 Percentage antinociceptive effect of ERCN in postoperative nociception. Each column represents the mean maximum possible effect±SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the VEH administered incisional control group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.Abbreviations: ERCN, eriocitrin; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 5 Effect of NALT and BICUC on ERCN antinociceptive effect in postoperative nociception. Each symbol represents the mean PWT in g±SEM. ###P<0.05 as compared to the vehicle administered control group. $$P<0.01, $$$P<0.001 as compared to the VEH administered incisional control group, *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the ERCN alone administered incisional group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.

Abbreviation: BICUC, bicuculline; BL, baseline paw withdrawal threshold before administration of eriocitrin and antagonists; ERCN, eriocitrin; NALT, naltrexone; PWT, paw withdrawal threshold; VEH, vehivle.

Figure 5 Effect of NALT and BICUC on ERCN antinociceptive effect in postoperative nociception. Each symbol represents the mean PWT in g±SEM. ###P<0.05 as compared to the vehicle administered control group. $$P<0.01, $$$P<0.001 as compared to the VEH administered incisional control group, *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the ERCN alone administered incisional group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.Abbreviation: BICUC, bicuculline; BL, baseline paw withdrawal threshold before administration of eriocitrin and antagonists; ERCN, eriocitrin; NALT, naltrexone; PWT, paw withdrawal threshold; VEH, vehivle.

Figure 6 Effect of NALT and BICUC on ERCN percentage antinociceptive effect in postoperative nociception. Each column represents mean MPE±SEM. ##P<0.01 as compared to the VEHadministered incisional control group. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the ERCN alone administered incisional group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.

Abbreviations: BICUC, bicuculline; ERCN, eriocitrin; MPE, mean possible effect; NALT, naltrexone; VEH, vehicle.

Figure 6 Effect of NALT and BICUC on ERCN percentage antinociceptive effect in postoperative nociception. Each column represents mean MPE±SEM. ##P<0.01 as compared to the VEHadministered incisional control group. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 as compared to the ERCN alone administered incisional group, two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, n=6 mice per group.Abbreviations: BICUC, bicuculline; ERCN, eriocitrin; MPE, mean possible effect; NALT, naltrexone; VEH, vehicle.