Chronic Pain, Mood Disorders and Substance Use: Outcomes of Interdisciplinary Care in a Residential Psychiatric Hospital

Figures & data

Table 1 Admission Diagnoses and Demographics

Demographics	N	Percentage	Demographics	N	Percentage
Age (in Years) (SD)	47.6 (13.5)		Initial Primary Psychiatric Disorder
Gender			Depressive State/Depression NOS	72	55%
Male	68	52%	Anxiety State/Anxiety NOS	47	36%
Female	63	48%	Posttraumatic Stress Disorder	5	3%
Ethnicity			Bipolar I or II	4	3%
White	115	88%	No Diagnosis	4	3%
Hispanic	5	4%	Number of Patients with Two or More Psychiatric Disorders	116	89%
Black	4	3%
Asian	7	5%	Substance Use Disorder
Highest Education			Opioid Use Disorder	62	47%
High School Degree	14	10%	Alcohol Use Disorder	30	23%
Associates Degree	19	15%	Sedative-Hypnotic Use Disorder	21	16%
College	77	59%	None	18	14%
Advanced Degree	21	16%	Number of Patients with Two or More Substance Use Disorders	13	10%
Chronic Pain (in Years) (SD)	11.8 (9.1)
Initial Primary Pain Diagnosis			Current Tobacco Usage
Musculoskeletal-Axial	70	53%	Yes	8	6%
Musculoskeletal-Joint/Limb	24	19%	No	143	94%
Neuropathic	15	10%
Headache	9	7%
Abdominal	7	5%
Facial	4	3%
Genital	1	1%
Number of Patients with Two or More Pain Conditions	46	35%

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; N, sample size; NOS, not otherwise specified.

Table 2 Average Scores Differences Between Admission and Discharge

Assessments	Admission		Discharge		P-value
	M	SD	M	SD
Brief Pain Inventory
Pain Severity	6.2	0.4	4.5	1.7	0.01
Pain Interference	6.5	1.2	3.5	0.1	0.012
Pain Catastrophizing Total	29.4	6.2	13.9	4.5	<.001
CPCI
Guarding (IFS)	56.2	2.5	43.4	1.2	<.001
Resting (IFS)	54.7	0.1	48.9	1.7	0.15
Asking for assistance (IFS)	50.5	1.1	44.4	1.6	0.018
Exercise (WFC)	48.3	1.4	59.6	0.2	<.001
Relaxation (WFC)	52.6	0.7	60.3	1.3	<.001
Pacing (WFC)	47.8	0.2	52.7	0.9	0.024
Coping (WFC)	51.1	0.4	55.6	1.3	0.23
Seeking (WFC)	55.8	1.1	57.2	0.9	0.08
Beck Depression Inventory	27.9	4.7	9.8	2.3	<.001
Beck Anxiety Inventory	24.9	6.1	12.8	1.4	0.001

Abbreviations: M, mean; SD, standard deviation; CPCI, Chronic Pain Coping Inventory; IFS, illness-focused coping; WFC, wellness-focused coping.

Table 3 Admission and Discharge Opioid Medications

Admission
Prescription	Frequency	Average Dosage (per Day)
Buprenorphine/naloxone	1	24mg
Fentanyl transdermal	3	54mcg
Hydrocodone	2	23mg
Hydromorphone	7	32mg
Morphine sulfate	8	82mg
Methadone	6	65mg
Hydrocodone/acetaminophen	5	10mg
Oxycodone	30	90mg
Oxycodone/acetaminophen	4	10/325mg
Tramadol	11	143mg
Oxymorphone	5	72mg
Discharge
Prescription Opioid	Frequency	Average Dosage (per Day)
Buprenorphine/naloxone	35	15mg
Methadone	1	78mg
Morphine sulfate	2	35mg
Tramadol	4	50mg
Oxycodone/acetaminophen	2	5/325mg
Oxycodone	8	55mg