Analysis of Epidural Waveform to Determine Correct Epidural Catheter Placement After CSE Labor Analgesia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Illustration of epidural waveforms representing (A) strong, (B) weak, (C) weak with respiratory pattern and (D) absent. When accessing the presence of a positive waveform in the weak category, greater attention should be focused on details, as the vertical height of the amplitude of waveform is reduced.

Table 1 Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and Accuracy Concerning the Ability of CCDDS Technology to Detect and Display the Pulsatile Wave Form Found in the Epidural Space

	Value	95% CI
Sensitivity	0.95	0.88 to 1.00
Specificity	1.00	1.00 to 1.00
PPV	1.00	1.00 to 1.00
NPV	0.60	0.17 to 1.00
Accuracy	0.97	0.93 to 1.00

Figure 2 Area under the curve (AUC).