Durable intermediate-to long-term outcomes after minimally invasive transiliac sacroiliac joint fusion using triangular titanium implants

Figures & data

Figure 1 Outlet view of pelvis with titanium implants.

Table 1 Characteristics of enrolled patients

Characteristics
Age, mean (range)	57.5 (18.6–87.0)
Body mass index, mean (range)	29.8 (16.0–54.4)
Years with SIJ pain, mean (range)	5.9 (0.3–46.0)
<1, N (%)	17 (15.9)
1–5, N (%)	44 (41.1)
5–20, N (%)	31 (29.0)
>20, N (%)	4 (3.7)
Hispanic, N (%)	4 (3.7)
Race, N (%)
White	99 (92.5)
Black	6 (5.6)
Smoker, N (%)
Current	28 (26.2)
Former	16 (15.0)
History of sacral trauma, N (%)	35 (32.7)
History of physical therapy, N (%)	66 (61.7)
RF ablation of branches of sacral nerve roots, N (%)	18 (16.8)
SIJ steroid injections, N (%)	69 (64.5)

Abbreviations: SIJ, sacroiliac joint; RF, radiofrequency.

Table 2 Improvement in numeric rating scale SIJ pain from baseline to follow-up and follow-up ODI score

Rating	Value (SD)
Baseline SIJ pain, mean (SD)	7.5 (1.7)
Follow-up SIJ pain, mean (SD)	2.6 (2.7)
Change score, mean (SD)	−4.8 (2.9)
Follow-up ODI score, mean (SD)	28.2 (21.3)

Abbreviations: SIJ, sacroiliac joint; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; SD, standard deviation.

Table 3 Prospective self-reported outcomes

Measure	N	%
Satisfaction
Very satisfied	72	67.3
Somewhat satisfied	22	20.6
Somewhat dissatisfied	4	3.7
Very dissatisfied	8	7.5
Does not want to answer	1	0.9
Have SIJ fusion again?
Definitely have	74	69.2
Probably have	15	14.0
Probably not have	11	10.3
Definitely not have	6	5.6
Does not want to answer	1	0.9
Walking status
Walk without assistance	80	74.8
Walk with assistive device	21	19.6
Cannot walk, SIJ	2	1.9
Cannot walk, something else	3	2.8
Refused to answer	1	0.9
Walking compared with baseline
Better	73	68.2
About same	12	11.2
Worse due to SIJ	10	9.3
Worse due to something else	10	9.3
Refused to answer	2	1.9
Sitting compared with baseline
Better	69	64.5
About same	21	19.6
Worse due to SIJ	8	7.5
Worse due to something else	7	6.5
Refused to answer	2	1.9
Sleeping compared with baseline
Better	63	58.9
About same	23	21.5
Worse due to SIJ	10	9.3
Worse due to something else	10	9.3
Refused to answer	1	0.9
Working compared with baseline
Better	49	45.8
About same	27	25.2
Worse due to SIJ	9	8.4
Worse due to something else	19	17.8
Refused to answer	3	2.8
Pain medications compared with baseline
Less	70	65.4
About same	25	23.4
More	11	10.3
Refused to answer	1	0.9
Getting up from chair compared with baseline
Better	64	59.8
About same	26	24.3
Worse due to SIJ	5	4.7
Worse due to something else	11	10.3
Refused to answer	1	0.9
Up and down stairs compared with baseline
Better	59	55.1
About same	20	18.7
Worse due to SIJ	10	9.3
Worse due to something else	13	12.1
Refused to answer	4	3.7
Getting in and out of car compared with baseline
Better	61	57.0
About same	24	22.4
Worse due to SIJ	9	8.4
Worse due to something else	12	11.2
Refused to answer	1	0.9

Abbreviation: SIJ, sacroiliac joint.

Figure 2 Relationship between ODI at last follow-up and responses to specific questions related to SIJ.

Notes: Dots show values for individual patients; box plots show interquartile ranges (box), whiskers show highest/lowest values within 1.5 interquartile range. Green squares are mean values. Number in upper left-hand corner shows P-value from analysis of variance. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Abbreviations: ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; SIJ, sacroiliac joint.