Injection And Infusion Technology Disruption For Use In MRI

Figures & data

Figure 1 Working principle of a piston pump.

Figure 2 Working principle of a roller pump.

Figure 3 Working principle of a pneumatic hand pump.

Table 1 Comparison Of The Pump Principles For MRI

	Advantages	Disadvantages
Piston pump^Citation10	Constant flow rate High precision Many settings options	Needs a distance to the bore of the MR (not fully MRI-compatible) Long tubes (1 m and more) Cables or battery for power supply (batteries can be empty!) Heavy weight and large dimensions Very high price (~15,000 $ −30,000 $^Citation6,Citation18)
Roller pump^Citation14	Many settings options Precision	Not a very constant flow rate Needs a distance to the bore of the MRT (not full MRI-compatible) Long tubes (1 m and more) Cables or battery for power supply Heavy weight and large dimensions High price (~ 10,000 $^Citation6,Citation19)
Pneumatic and Hydraulic pump^Citation16,Citation17	Can be full MRI compatible Shorter tubes necessary if MRI compatible	Less precision Less settings options Not completely constant flow rate (for pneumatic) Hand pump needs manual actuation Low price for hand pump High price for motorized system (~ 20,000 $^Citation6,Citation19)

Figure 4 Valve mechanism of a BOV-bottle.

Table 2 Datasheet Of SprayPet

Volume Of The Bottle ()	Maximum Volume Of The Bag ()	Pressure With A Full Bag ()
125 mL	50 mL	8 bar

Note: Data from: Plastipak SprayPET Datasheet. 2017. Available from: https://www.plastipak.com/technologies/pdf/Plastipak-SprayPET-Datasheet.pdf²²

Figure 5 Moody diagram of friction factor for pipe flow.²⁴

Note: Copyright ©2011. Reproduced from McGovern J. Technical Note: Friction Factor Diagrams for Pipe Flow. 2011. Available from: http://arrow.dit.ie/engschmecart/28/.²⁴

Figure 6 Measurement setup for the minimum required force to open the valve of the BOV-bottle.

Figure 7 Influence of the diameter and length of a throttle on the pressure drop contribution to the volume flow.

Abbreviations: D, diameter; L, length.

Figure 8 Measurement setup for the volume flow with different throttles.

Table 3 Measurement Of The Force Required To Open The Valve

1. Test	2. Test	3. Test	4. Test	5. Test	6. Test	Average
17.2 N	17.6 N	18.4 N	17.6 N	17.8 N	17.6 N	17.7 N

Figure 9 Determination of the flow rate for different attachments with different lengths and diameters.

Figure 10 Measurement results shown according to the pressure difference between BOV-bottle internal pressure and ambient pressure as a function of the volume flow.

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