Figures & data
Figure 1 Classification of MMPs.
Abbreviations: MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases; MT, membrane-type.
Figure 2 Structure of MMPs.
Notes: Schematics of MMP9 structure, showing the various domains common to all MMPs. Differences however exist among members of the MMP family.
Abbreviations: MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases; ECM, extracellular matrix.
Figure 3 SIBLINGs as activators of MMP.
Notes: (A) When proMMP with active site (top) binds to cognate SIBLING, it undergoes conformational change necessary to expose the active site to substrates (bottom). (B) MMP without propeptide, inhibited by TIMP, binds SIBLINGs to bring about conformational change (top). TIMP is then released (bottom), resulting in MMP activation. (C) When factor H binds to SIBLING (top), SIBLING is disengaged from the MMP, allowing the propeptide to fit back into the active site (bottom). (D) Factor H engages (top) and extricates SIBLING from the MMP–SIBLING complex, allowing TIMP to bind and inhibit MMP (bottom). Stars in (A–D) indicate active sites.Citation167 (E) Illustrative coexpression and colocalization of DSPP–MMP20 in human kidney and OSCC. MMP20 positive immunoreactivity (red, arrow, a and e [×20]), DSPP-positive immunoreactivity (black, arrow, b [×20]), MMP20–DSPP coimmunoreactivity (reddish black, arrow), and colocalization of MMP20–DSPP by in situ proximity ligation assay (brown dots, arrow, d [×20] and f [×10]). Ogbureke KU, Koli K, Saxena G. J Histochem Cytochem. 64(10):623–636, Copyright © 2016. Reprinted by Permission of SAGE Publications, Inc.24 Negative controls for immunohistochemistry (g [×40]) and in situ proximity ligation assay (h [×40]) are also shown. Bar 100 µm, except for “f ” panel (substitute), which is 10 µm.
Abbreviations: MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma; DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein; IgG, immunoglobulin G.
Figure 4 Schematic of drug-therapy strategies against MMPs.
Notes: Anti-MMP drug-design strategies target either catalytic or noncatalytic MMP activity.
Abbreviations: MMP, metalloproteinase; MMPI, MMP inhibitor; PTX, paclitaxel; MEMSN, multifunctional envelope-type mesoporous silica nanoparticle.
