Potential role of coenzyme Q₁₀ in health and disease conditions

Taylor C Rodick1 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, & Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn

Donna R Seibels2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Samford University

Jeganathan Ramesh Babu1 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, & Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn

Kevin W Huggins1 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, & Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn

Guang Ren3 Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

Suresh T Mathews2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Samford UniversityCorrespondence[email protected]

Figures & data

Figure 1 Structure of CoQ₁₀. (A) Ubiquinone, CoQ (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone); (B) semiquinone radical form, CoQH.; and (C) ubiquinol, CoQH (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenyl-1,4-benzohydroquinone).

Abbreviation: CoQ₁₀, coenzyme Q₁₀.

Figure 1 Structure of CoQ10. (A) Ubiquinone, CoQ (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone); (B) semiquinone radical form, CoQH.; and (C) ubiquinol, CoQH (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenyl-1,4-benzohydroquinone).

Figure 2 The mevalonate pathway. It comprises the reactions beginning with acetyl CoA to the production of IPP and FPP, which are substrates for the production of cholesterol, dolichol, isoprenylated proteins, and CoQ.

Abbreviations: CoA, coenzyme A reductase; CoQ, coenzyme Q; FPP, farnesyl pyrophosphate; HMG, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl; IPP, isoprenyl-pyrophosphate.

Figure 3 Isomeric forms of CoQ₁₀. (A) Natural all-trans form, (B) synthetic (-cis and -trans) form.

Abbreviation: CoQ₁₀, coenzyme Q₁₀.

Figure 3 Isomeric forms of CoQ10. (A) Natural all-trans form, (B) synthetic (-cis and -trans) form.

Table 1 Comparison of dietary food sources with contributive values for CoQ₁₀ per single serving^{Citation17,Citation18}

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Figure 4 Role of CoQ₁₀ in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.

Abbreviations: ADP, adenosine diphosphate; CoQ₁₀, coenzyme Q₁₀; FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide; FADH, reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide.

Figure 4 Role of CoQ10 in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.

Figure 5 (A) Action of CoQ alone or with (B) vitamin E on lipid peroxidation.

Abbreviations: α-TOH, α-tocopherol; CoQ, ubiquinone; CoQH., semi-ubiquinone; CoQH₂, ubiquinol; Cyt c, cytochrome c; LOO, lipid peroxyl radical.

Potential role of coenzyme Q₁₀ in health and disease conditions

Table 1 Comparison of dietary food sources with contributive values for CoQ₁₀ per single serving^{Citation17,Citation18}

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Potential role of coenzyme Q10 in health and disease conditions

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Table 1 Comparison of dietary food sources with contributive values for CoQ10 per single servingCitation17,Citation18

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Potential role of coenzyme Q₁₀ in health and disease conditions

Table 1 Comparison of dietary food sources with contributive values for CoQ₁₀ per single serving^{Citation17,Citation18}