Risk-factor differences for nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in Mexican psychiatric patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Prevalence of descriptive characteristics and psychiatric diagnosis of suicide assessment in a Mexican population

Sociodemographics	NSSI n=90 (%)	SA n=155 (%)	NS n=73 (%)	χ^2/F	P-value
Age	29.68 (8.59)	25.82 (8.88)	32.44 (9.72)	14.6	<0.001
Sex
Male	23 (25.6)	45 (29)	35 (47.9)	10.78	0.005
Female	67 (74.4)	110 (71)	38 (52.1)
Marital status
Married	36 (40)	62 (40)	25 (34.2)	13.22	0.04
Single	44 (48.9)	88 (56.8)	37 (50.7)
Widowed	0	0	1 (1.4)
Separated/divorced	10 (11.1)	5 (3.2)	10 (13.7)
Education
<6 years of schooling	7 (7.8)	38 (24.5)	7 (9.6)	14.83	0.001
>6 years of schooling	83 (92.2)	117 (75.5)	66 (90.4)
Comorbidities
Alcohol
Yes	54 (60)	54 (34.8)	30 (41.1)	14.87	0.001
No	36 (40)	101 (65.2)	43 (58.9)
Cannabis use
Yes	28 (31.1)	20 (12.9)	9 (12.3)	14.84	0.001
No	62 (68.9)	135 (87.1)	64 (87.7)
Cigarette smoking
Yes	51 (56.7)	27 (17.4)	21 (28.8)	41.12	<0.001
No	39 (43.3)	128 (82.6)	52 (71.2)
Psychiatric disorders
Schizophrenia and psychosis	20 (22.2)	13 (8.9)	31 (42.5)	94.43	<0.001
Mood disorders	43 (47.8)	79 (54.1)	27 (37)
Stress-related disorders	9 (10)	36 (24.7)	15 (20.5)
Substance-related disorders	1 (1.1)	18 (12.3)	0
Personality disorder	17 (18.9)	0	0

Abbreviations: NSSI, nonsuicidal self-injury; SA, suicide attempt; NS, nonsuicidal without self-injury.

Table 2 Comparison of impulsivity dimensions among psychiatric groups

n=318	Nonsuicidal self-injury (n=90)	Suicide attempters (n=155)	Nonsuicidal, not self-injury (n=73)	Statistic		Post hoc comparison P-value (mean difference)
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	F	P-value	SA vs NSSI	SA vs NS	NSSI vs NS
Self-control	10.6 (3.87)	10.08 (3.78)	7.55 (4.17)	14.17	<0.001	0.94 (−0.52)	<0.001 (2.52)	<0.001 (3.05)
Planning of future actions	6.77 (2.52)	5.63 (2.12)	5.59 (2.23)	8.33	<0.001	0.001 (−1.14)	1 (0.03)	0.003 (1.18)
Physiological behavior	2.34 (1.74)	2.41 (1.7)	1.42 (1.25)	9.86	<0.001	1 (0.06)	<0.001 (0.98)	0.001 (0.92)
Spontaneous behavior	5.2 (2.28)	5.07 (1.91)	3.64 (1.93)	14.88	<0.001	1 (−0.12)	<0.001 (1.42)	<0.001 (1.55)
Total impulsivity	24.91 (8.06)	23.21 (7.35)	18.21 (7.04)	17.33	<0.001	0.26 (−1.69)	<0.001 (5)	<0.001 (6.7)

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; SA, suicide attempt; NSSI, nonsuicidal self-injury; NS, nonsuicidal without self-injury.

Table 3 Summary of multiple regression analysis predicting non suicidal with self-injury

	β	SE β	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value
Age	−0.03	0.02	0.96	0.92–1.08	0.11
Sex	−0.86	0.4	0.42	0.18–0.93	0.03
Education	−0.58	0.66	0.56	0.15–2.05	0.38
Alcohol	−0.03	0.49	0.96	0.36–2.51	0.93
Cannabis use	0.73	0.54	2.08	0.71–6.09	0.17
Cigarette smoking	0.87	0.5	2.4	0.9–6.39	0.08
Self-control	0.05	0.06	1.05	0.92–1.2	0.39
Planning of future actions	0.11	0.08	1.12	0.93–1.32	0.14
Physiological behavioral	0.17	0.14	1.19	0.89–1.59	0.22
Spontaneous behavior	0.08	0.12	1.08	0.84–1.39	0.52

Abbreviations: SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval.

Table 4 Summary of multiple regression analysis predicting suicide attempts

	β	SE β	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value
Age	−0.1	0.02	0.89	0.85–0.93	<0.001
Sex	−0.51	0.38	0.59	0.28–1.26	0.17
Education	−1.59	0.56	0.2	1.64–14.88	0.004
Alcohol	−1.59	0.53	1.99	0.70–5.64	0.19
Cannabis use	0.51	0.62	1.68	0.49–5.66	0.4
Cigarette smoking	−0.48	0.54	0.61	0.21–1.78	0.37
Self-control	0.17	0.7	1.19	1.03–1.36	0.01
Planning of future actions	−0.22	0.9	0.79	0.66–0.95	0.01
Physiological behavioral	0.29	0.14	1.34	1.01–1.78	0.03
Spontaneous behavior	0.14	0.13	1.15	0.89–1.50	0.27

Abbreviations: SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval.