Long-term quality of life in cervical dystonia after treatment with abobotulinum toxin A: a 2-year prospective study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing progression of 20 subjects from baseline screening.

Abbreviations: Abo-BTX A, abobotulinum toxin A; CDIP-58, Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile-58; SF-36, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression.

Table 1 Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of patients with cervical dystonia

Demographics
Number	20
Gender, n (%)
Female	13 (65)
Male	7 (35)
Age (years), mean (SD)	56.8 (12.5)
Disease duration (years), mean (SD)	7.0 (3.1)
Type of cervical dystonia, n (%)
Torticollis	16 (80)
Laterocollis	2 (10)
Anterocollis	1 (5)
Retrocollis	1 (5)
BTX injection dosage (unit per injection time), mean (SD)	250.0 (0.0)
Previous BTX injection time, mean (SD)	15.85 (4.95)

Abbreviations: BTX, botulinum toxin; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Clinical score before (week 0) and after (2 years) treatment measured by CDIP-58, SF-36, and CES-D (values are given as mean [SD])

Questionnaires	Score at week 0 (baseline), mean (SD)	Score at 2 years, mean (SD)	P-value
CDIP-58
Head and neck symptoms (6 items)	15.6 (4.5)	8.9 (1.8)	<0.001
Pain and discomfort (5 items)	9.6 (3.3)	6.7 (1.6)	<0.001
Upper limb activity (9 items)	21.5 (3.9)	13.4 (2.5)	<0.001
Walking (9 items)	24.7 (7.9)	15.7 (2.3)	<0.001
Sleep (4 items)	10.7 (1.9)	6.5 (1.5)	<0.001
Annoyance (8 items)	23.3 (5.8)	14.0 (2.3)	<0.001
Mood (7 items)	20.0 (3.5)	12.1 (2.5)	<0.001
Psychosocial functioning (10 items)	28.7 (8.9)	16.1 (3.9)	<0.001
SF-36
Physical functioning (PF)	75.8 (26.2)	59.8 (25.3)	0.880
Role limitations due to physical health (RP)	63.8 (43.3)	42.5 (43.8)	0.953
Role limitations due to emotional problems (RE)	60.0 (50.3)	45.0 (47.5)	0.925
Vitality (VT)	52.0 (11.5)	59.5 (11.5)	0.037*
Mental health (MH)	62.0 (9.6)	60.8 (11.0)	0.993
Social functioning (SF)	7.1 (10.6)	20.5 (25.6)	0.219
Bodily pain (BP)	28.8 (20.7)	43.8 (21.7)	0.295
General health (GH)	42.3 (11.8)	46.5 (17.3)	0.298
CES-D	18.9 (7.0)	15.9 (4.5)	0.260

Note:

* P < 0.05.

Abbreviations: CDIP-58, Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile-58; SF-36, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; SD, standard deviation; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression.

Figure 2 Mean CES-D score assessment at 3-month intervals.

Abbreviation: CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression.