177
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

Cognitive and metacognitive factors among alcohol-dependent patients during a residential rehabilitation program: a pilot study

, , , , &
Pages 1907-1917 | Published online: 31 Jul 2018

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flowchart showing the patient enrolment process.

Figure 1 Flowchart showing the patient enrolment process.

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the total sample (n=30)

Table 2 Changes in mean scores of psychological factors and cognitive–metacognitive scales at admission to discharge from the rehabilitation program (total patients=30)

Figure 2 PAM and NAM at admission (t0) and discharge (t1), with changes between the two evaluations.

Notes: PAM items: 1, Drinking makes me more affectionate; 2, Drinking makes me more confident; 3, Drinking makes me think more clearly; 4, Drinking makes me feel more relaxed; 5, Drinking helps me to control my thoughts; 6, Drinking makes my negative thoughts more bearable; 7, Drinking reduces my anxious feelings; 8, Drinking makes me more sociable; 9, Drinking reduces my self-consciousness; 10, Drinking makes me feel happy; 11, Drinking helps me focus my mind; 12, Drinking helps me fit in socially. NAM items: 1, I have no control over my drinking; 2, If I cannot control my drinking I will cease to function; 3, Drinking will damage my mind; 4, My drinking persists no matter how I try to control it; 5, Drinking will make me lose control; 6, Drinking controls my life.
Abbreviations: NAM, negative alcohol metacognitions; PAM, positive alcohol metacognitions.
Figure 2 PAM and NAM at admission (t0) and discharge (t1), with changes between the two evaluations.

Figure 3 B-RRS and PACS at admission (t0) and discharge (t1), with changes between the two evaluations.

Notes: B-RRS items: 1, Think “What am I doing to deserve this?”; 2, Think “Why do I always react this way?”; 3, Think about a recent situation, wishing it had gone better; 4, Think “Why do I have problems other people don’t have?”; 5, Think “Why can’t I handle things better?”. PACS items: 1, During the past week how often have you though about drinking or about how good a drink would make you feel?; 2, At its most severe point, how strong was your craving during the past week?; 3, During the past week how much time have you spent thinking about drinking or about how good a drink would make you feel?; 4, During the past week how difficult would it have been to resist taking a drink if you had known a bottle were in your house?; 5, Keeping in mind your responses to the previous questions, please rate your overall average alcohol craving for the past week.
Abbreviations: B-RRS, Brooding subscale of Ruminative Response Scale; PACS, Penn Alcohol Craving Scale.
Figure 3 B-RRS and PACS at admission (t0) and discharge (t1), with changes between the two evaluations.

Table 3 Results on the four self-report questionnaires (PAMS, NAMS, B-RRS, and PACS) at admission and discharge: a comparison of patients subdivided by sex, work status, treatment intervention, and previous admissions

Table 4 Correlations among post-treatment CBA-OE subscales and pretreatment cognitive and metacognitive factors

Table 5 Multivariate regression model for predictors of post-treatment psychological variables