Atrial natriuretic peptide and posterior pituitary neurohormone changes in patients with acute schizophrenia

Figures & data

Table 1 General characteristics and clinical features of patients

Clinical features of patients	Mean ± SD
Age	38.9±13.5
Duration of disease	163.6±151.9
Age of the onset of schizophrenia	25.3±9.1
Number of hospitalizations	4.1±3.0
Total duration of hospitalizations	85.8±125.2 days
PANSS positive score	26.0±7.2
PANSS negative score	18.2±9.3
PANSS general score	37.7±7.8
Total PANSS score	81.17±19.34
GAF score	33.1±11.4
CGI-S score	5.8±1.5

Abbreviations: CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression–Severity; GAF, Global Assessment of Functionality; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Table 2 Comparisons of the biochemical parameters of both groups

Biochemical parameters	Acute schizophrenia, n=34, mean ± SD	Control group, n=24, mean ± SD	P-values
ANP (pg/mL)	218.24±89.13	243.0±56.61	0.236
AVP (pg/mL)	65.57±33.38	37.59±12.53	P<0.001*
OXT (pg/mL)	12.95±4.84	35.41±12.75	P<0.001**
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.22±5.79	26.78±4.11	0.691

Note:

* Significantly higher than control,

** significantly lower than control. Statistically significant values are shown in bold.

Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; AVP, arginine-vasopressin; BMI, body mass index; OXT, oxytocin.

Table 3 Correlation analysis of hormonal levels and clinical features in patients with acute schizophrenia

General characteristics and clinical features of patients	OXT		ANP		AVP
	r value	P-value	r value	P-value	r value	P-value
Age	−0.057	0.673	0.183	0.169	−0.023	0.864
BMI	0.060	0.658	0.115	0.395	0.015	0.911
Duration of disease	−0.087	0.623	0.279	0.110	−0.042	0.815
Onset age	0.227	0.228	−0.062	0.745	0.139	0.463
Number of hospitalizations	0.125	0.480	0.059	0.739	0.047	0.792
Total duration of hospitalizations	0.151	0.550	−0.190	0.450	0.087	0.733
PANSS positive score	−0.373	P=0.030	−0.162	0.359	−0.152	0.392
PANSS negative score	−0.168	0.343	−0.134	0.450	−0.105	0.556
PANSS general score	−0.224	0.202	−0.085	0.631	−0.004	0.981
Total PANSS score	−0.309	0.075	−0.173	0.327	−0.085	0.633
GAF score	0.423	P=0.013	0.252	0.151	0.253	0.149
CGI (severity) score	−0.465	P=0.006	−0.302	0.083	−0.365	P=0.034

Notes: Statistically significant values are shown in bold.

Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; AVP, arginine-vasopressin; BMI, body mass index; CGI, Clinical Global Impression; GAF, Global Assessment of Functionality; OXT, oxytocin; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Figure 1 Correlation plot for OXT and PANSS-P, CGI, and GAF.

Abbreviations: CGI, Clinical Global Impression Scale; GAF, Global Assessment of Functionality; OXT, oxytocin; PANSS-P, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale–Positive symptoms.