Disturbances of mitochondrial parameters to distinguish patients with depressive episode of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participant

Subjects	Age (years)	Sex (women/men) % of women	HDRS-21	CGI-01	Medication: antidepressant, n (%)	Medication: mood stabilizer, n (%)	N
Depressive BD patients	47.5±9.0	15/9 62.50	25.7±8.8	5.0±1.0	22 (92)	19 (79)	24
MDD patients	46.5±14.4	53/15 77.94	23.0±7.9	4.4±1.2	67 (99)		68
Controls	41.4±12.1	59/45 56.73	–	–	–	–	104

Notes: Data are displayed as mean ± SD. CGI-01: the CGI indicates the severity of illness as follows: 1 – normal, 2 – borderline mentally ill, 3 – mildly ill, 4 – moderately ill, 5 – markedly ill, 6 – severely ill, and 7 – among most extremely ill patients.

Abbreviations: HDRS-21, Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale, 21-item; CGI-01, Clinical Global Impression - severity scale.

Figure 1 (A) Activities of mitochondrial enzymes in blood platelets of patients with BD in depressive episode, patients with MDD, and controls. (B) Activities of mitochondrial complexes normalized for CS activity in blood platelets of patients with BD in depressive episode, patients with MDD, and controls.

Notes: Complex I – NADH:ubiquinone reductase, complex II – succinate dehydrogenase (quinone), and complex IV – cytochrome c oxidase. Mean ± SD is shown (24 BD patients, 68 MDD patients, and 104 controls). Significantly different mean values are marked by *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001.
Abbreviations: BD, bipolar disorder; C, complex; CS, citrate synthase; MDD, major depressive disorder.

Figure 2 (A) Mitochondrial respiration in intact platelets of patients with BD in depressive episode, patients with MDD, and controls. (B) Mitochondrial respiration in intact platelets of patients with BD in depressive episode, patients with MDD, and controls, normalized to ETS capacity (ETSC).

Notes: PR was measured in diluted platelet-rich plasma; LEAK was measured after the addition of oligomycin; ETSC was determined by titration with uncoupler (FCCP); Rot was measured after the addition of rotenone. Final addition of antimycin A induced ROX, which was subtracted from all other respiratory rates. The mean ± SD is shown. Significantly different mean values are marked by *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001.
Abbreviations: BD, bipolar disorder; C, complex; ROT, respiration after complex I inhibition; CS, citrate synthase; LEAK, nonphosphorylating respiration; MDD, major depressive disorder; NetPR, net physiological respiration; PR, physiological respiration; ROX, residual oxygen consumption.