Fear of cancer recurrence, anxiety and depressive symptoms in adolescent and young adult cancer patients

Figures & data

Figure 1 Recruitment flowchart.

Table 1 Univariate analyses of factors associated with fear of recurrence, depression and anxiety (N=249).

		Fear of recurrence			Depression			Anxiety
	N (%)	Mean±SD	T/F	P-value	Mean±SD	Z^a/b	P-value	Mean±SD	Z^a/b	P-value
Sociodemographic
Gender
Male	79 (31.7)	31.73±7.30			5.75±5.17			4.94±4.23
Female	170 (68.3)	30.92±7.21	0.823	0.411	5.34±5.02	−0.817	0.414	4.05±4.11	−1.899	0.058
Marital Status
Single	56 (22.5)	33.41±7.85			6.84±5.28			5.93±4.58
Married	183 (73.5)	30.78±6.73			5.19±5.01			3.97±3.96
Divorced/widowed	10 (4.0)	26.00±9.17	5.718	0.004	2.90±2.81	9.062	0.011	1.90±2.47	15.156	0.001
Education
High School or below	128 (51.4)	30.54±6.90			5.77±5.80			4.66±4.60
Undergraduate	93 (37.3)	31.54±6.98			5.15±3.90			4.04±3.45
Postgraduate	28 (11.2)	32.93±9.19	1.440	0.239	5.18±4.97	0.374	0.829	3.75±4.18	1.095	0.578
Employment
Full time	149 (59.8)	31.10±7.02			5.29±4.41			4.17±3.85
Part time	20 (8.0)	32.60±6.92			5.80±4.40			4.90±3.40
Unemployment	80 (32.1)	30.98±7.73	0.425	0.654	5.73±6.26	1.027	0.598	4.48±4.86	1.728	0.421
Clinical/treatment
Cancer site
Breast cancer	146 (58.6)	30.68±7.28			5.18±4.94			3.86±4.08
Leukemia	71 (28.5)	31.85±7.02			6.08±5.77			5.46±4.62
Colorectal cancer	21 (8.4)	32.19±6.33			5.19±4.26			3.14±2.43
Nasopharynx cancer	11 (4.4)	31.55±9.68	0.571	0.634	5.82±2.86	2.140	0.544	5.45±3.01	11.236	0.011
Stage
Stage 1	24 (9.6)	28.46±7.20			4.29±3.65			3.38±2.93
Stage 2	115 (46.2)	31.06±7.19			5.10±4.90			3.65±3.92
Stage 3	86 (34.5)	31.86±6.55			5.74±5.21			4.97±4.16
Stage 4	24 (9.6)	32.04±7.23	1.521	0.210	7.46±6.12	4.257	0.235	6.25±5.39	10.975	0.012
Chemotherapy
Yes	206 (82.7)	31.45±7.43			5.51±5.09			4.20±4.11
No	43 (17.3)	29.88±6.08	−1.295	0.197	5.26±4.96	−0.112	0.911	4.95±4.36	−1.409	0.159
Radiotherapy
Yes	193 (77.5)	31.37±7.00			5.22±4.94			3.91±3.96
No	56 (22.5)	30.54±8.00	−0.758	0.449	6.34±5.42	−1.373	0.170	5.77±4.54	−3.210	0.001
Surgery history
Yes	218 (87.6)	31.28±7.03			5.53±5.18			4.39±4.32
No	31 (12.4)	30.45±8.62	−0.599	0.550	5.06±4.18	−0.149	0.882	3.94±2.79	−0.171	0.865
Family history
Yes	55 (22.1)	31.80±6.91			6.07±5.06			5.53±4.55
No	194 (77.9)	31.01±7.33	−0.719	0.473	5.30±5.06	−1.389	0.165	3.99±3.99	−2.643	0.008
Physical comorbidity
No	200 (80.3)	30.53±7.16			4.85±4.39			3.78±3.56
Yes	49 (19.7)	33.86±6.98	2.935	0.004	8.00±6.65	−2.951	0.003	6.57±5.52	−3.224	0.001
Psychological
Personality
Positive	178 (71.5)	30.07±7.09			4.51±4.14			3.67±3.45
Negative	71 (28.5)	33.97±6.86	−3.959	<0.001	7.87±6.28	−4.259	<0.001	5.97±5.23	−3.279	0.001
Stressful life event(s)
None	44 (17.7)	26.89±6.35			3.05±3.52			2.43±3.30
Less than 3	117 (47.0)	31.09±6.66			4.57±3.71			3.90±3.04
3–5	66 (26.5)	32.06±7.31			7.36±6.07			5.61±5.44
More than 5	22 (8.8)	37.59±6.40	12.888	<0.001	9.41±6.57	32.611	<0.001	6.59±4.49	22.701	<0.001
Past adversity experience
Yes	14 (5.6)	33.57±3.99			8.21±6.46			5.71±5.81
No	235 (94.4)	31.04±7.36	−2.164	0.044	5.31±4.94	−1.857	0.063	4.25±4.04	−0.786	0.432

Notes: ^aMann-Whitney U test; ^bKruskal-Wallis test; bold = P<0.05.

Table 2 Multiple linear regression for fear of recurrence, depression and anxiety (N=249).

	β	t	P-value	R^2	Adj. R^2	F (P-value)
Fear of recurrence
Constant	–	13.358	<0.001
Adversity experience	0.044	0.761	0.447
Personality	0.168	2.835	0.005
Marital status	−0.253	−4.387	<0.001
Number of stressful life event	0.305	5.101	<0.001
Physical comorbidity	−0.135	−2.373	0.018	0.226	0.211	14.231 (<0.001)
Depression
Constant	–	2.999	0.003
Personality	0.213	3.702	<0.001
Marital status	−0.232	−4.209	<0.001
Number of stressful life event	0.313	5.414	<0.001
Physical comorbidity	−0.194	−3.505	0.001	0.270	0.258	22.531 (<0.001)
Anxiety
Constant	–	2.725	0.007
Personality	0.202	3.477	0.001
Marital status	−0.206	−3.480	0.001
Number of stressful life event	0.302	5.107	<0.001
Physical comorbidity	−0.193	−3.438	0.001
Radiotherapy	−0.211	−3.274	0.001
Cancer site	−0.080	−1.379	0.169
Cancer stage	0.082	1.411	0.159
Family cancer history	0.035	0.616	0.538	0.297	0.273	12.650 (<0.001)

Notes: Adj. R² = adjusted R square; bold = P<0.05.