Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Survivors in the Hard-Hit Areas Ten Years After the Wenchuan Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of 1039 Survivors and Univariate Analysis

Characteristics	Total (N=1039) No. (%)	PTSD (N=95) No. (%)	Non-PTSD (N=944) No. (%)	P value
Gender
Male	382	23 (24.2)	359 (38.0)	0.008
Female	657	72 (75.8)	585 (62.0)
Age
<60 years	512 (49.3)	37 (38.9)	475 (50.3)	0.035
≥60 years	527 (50.7)	58 (61.1)	469 (49.7)
Ethnicity
Han	964 (92.8)	85 (89.5)	879 (93.1)	0.191
Minorities	75 (7.2)	10 (10.5)	65 (6.9)
Education
Primary school or lower	729 (70.2)	82 (86.3)	647 (68.5)	<0.001
Higher than primary school	310 (29.8)	13 (13.7)	297 (31.5)
Occupation
Unemployed or peasant	737 (70.9)	80 (84.2)	657 (69.6)	0.003
Others	302 (29.1)	15 (15.8)	287 (30.4)
Annual household income
RMB 0–20,000	603 (58.0)	75 (78.9)	528 (55.9)	<0.001
≥RMB 20,000	436 (42.0)	20 (21.1)	416 (44.1)
Moving to CRS after earthquake
No	703 (67.7)	72 (75.8)	631 (66.8)	0.076
Yes	336 (32.3)	23 (24.2)	313 (33.2)
Purchasing insurance
No	38 (3.7)	8 (8.4)	30 (3.2)	0.018
Yes	1001 (96.3)	87 (91.6)	914 (96.8)
Playing mahjong
No	697 (67.1)	71 (74.7)	626 (66.3)	0.096
Yes	342 (32.9)	24 (25.3)	318 (33.7)
Drinking alcohol
No	799 (76.9)	82 (86.3)	717 (76.0)	0.022
Yes	240 (23.1)	13 (13.7)	227 (24.0)
House damage in the earthquake
Not collapsed	185 (17.8)	14 (14.7)	171 (18.1)	0.412
Collapsed	854 (82.2)	81 (85.3)	773 (81.9)
Property loss in the earthquake
<80%	179 (17.2)	11 (11.6)	168 (17.8)	0.126
≥80%	860 (82.8)	84 (88.4)	776 (82.2)
Buried or injured in the earthquake
No	921 (88.6)	80 (84.2)	841 (89.1)	0.153
Yes	118 (11.4)	15 (15.8)	103 (10.9)
Witnessing the injury or death in the earthquake
No	322 (31.0)	24 (25.3)	298 (31.6)	0.205
Yes	717 (69.0)	71 (74.7)	646 (68.4)
Relatives injured during the earthquake
No	695 (66.9)	54 (56.8)	641 (67.9)	0.029
Yes	344 (33.1)	41 (43.2)	303 (32.1)
Immediate families disabled during the earthquake^a
No	1009 (97.1)	90 (94.7)	919 (97.4)	0.185
Yes	30 (2.9)	5 (5.3)	25 (2.6)
Immediate families died during the earthquake^a
No	954 (91.8)	72 (75.8)	882 (93.4)	<0.001
Yes	85 (8.2)	23 (24.2)	62 (6.6)

Note: ^aImmediate families refer to parents, spouse and children in this study.

Abbreviations: PTSD, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; CRS, Concentrated Rural Settlement.

Figure 1 Flow chart of sampling stages.

Table 2 Multivariate Logistic Regression for PTSD

Characteristics	Adjusted OR^a (95% CI)	P value
Education
Primary school or lower	Reference	0.034
Higher than primary school	0.48 (0.24–0.95)
Annual household income
RMB 0–20,000	Reference	0.002
≥RMB 20,000	0.41 (0.24–0.72)
Moving to CRS after earthquake
No	Reference	0.040
Yes	0.58 (0.34–0.97)
Immediate families died during the earthquake^b
No	Reference	<0.001
Yes	5.86 (3.12–10.96)

Notes: ^aAdjusted OR were obtained from multivariate logistic regression by taking potential confounders (P<0.20) identified by univariate analysis. ^bImmediate families refer to parents, spouse and children in this study.

Abbreviations: PTSD, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; CRS, Concentrated Rural Settlement.