Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Treatment, Maintenance, and Future Directions

Avantika Singh1 Division of Epilepsy and Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Aristides Hadjinicolaou1 Division of Epilepsy and Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9926-2080

Jurriaan M Peters1 Division of Epilepsy and Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Catherine L Salussolia1 Division of Epilepsy and Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;2 F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USACorrespondence[email protected]

Figures & data

Figure 1 The mTOR signaling pathway and TSC disease-specific therapies. Figure depicting the mTOR signaling pathway and disease-specific treatments. Everolimus and sirolimus, mTOR inhibitors, inhibit RAPTOR, a protein in the mTORC1 complex. Evidence suggests that the ketogenic diet acts through the GATOR pathway to increase inhibition on RagAC and subsequent decreased activation of mTORC1. The exact mechanism of action of Epidiolex is unknown; however, evidence suggests it may modulate the PI3K–PDK1–Akt–mTOR pathway. Figure created with Biorender.com.

Table 1 Medication management options for TSC-associated seizures by indication.^{Citation53,Citation65,Citation129–132}

Download CSV Display Table

Table 2 Alternative (nonpharmacological) management options

Download CSV Display Table

Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Treatment, Maintenance, and Future Directions

Table 1 Medication management options for TSC-associated seizures by indication.^{Citation53,Citation65,Citation129–132}

Table 2 Alternative (nonpharmacological) management options

Information for

Open access

Opportunities

Help and information

Your download is now in progress and you may close this window

Login or register to access this feature

Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Treatment, Maintenance, and Future Directions

Figures & data

Table 1 Medication management options for TSC-associated seizures by indication.Citation53,Citation65,Citation129–132

Table 2 Alternative (nonpharmacological) management options

Related research

To cite this article:

Download citation

Information for

Open access

Opportunities

Help and information

Keep up to date

Table 1 Medication management options for TSC-associated seizures by indication.^{Citation53,Citation65,Citation129–132}