Maternal stress and childhood migraine: a new perspective on management

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the sample study: differences in age, gender, and body mass index adjusted for age between the group of children affected by migraine without aura and controls

	MoA (n = 218)	Controls (n = 405)	P
Age	8.32 ± 2.06	8.54 ± 2.47	0.262
Gender ratio (M/F)	112/106	207/198	0.983
z-BMI	0.49 ± 0.21	0.52 ± 0.23	0.106

Notes: The t-test and Chi-square test were applied as appropriate; P < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Abbreviations: MoA, migraine without aura; z-BMI, body mass index adjusted for age.

Table 2 Mean differences in Parenting Stress Index-Short Form scores between children affected by migraine without aura and controls

	MoA n = 218	Controls n = 405	P
PD	41.93 ± 7.12	26.94 ± 5.44	<0.001
PCDI	33.97 ± 4.79	22.18 ± 3.05	<0.001
DC	24.58 ± 2.93	22.96 ± 3.19	<0.001
DEF	14.01 ± 3.27	13.96 ± 4.19	NS
Total stress	101.38 ± 7.81	65.27 ± 4.39	<0.001

Notes: The t-test and Chi-square test were applied as appropriate; P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Abbreviations: PD, Parental Distress domain; PCDI, Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction domain; DC, Difficult Child subscale; DEF, defensive responding subscale; MoA, migraine without aura; NS, not significant.