Sex differences in the prediction of the effectiveness of paroxetine for patients with major depressive disorder identified using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for early response

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and clinical data on the subjects and the results of Student’s t-test and the chi-squared test between responders and nonresponders

	Total (n=89)	Responders (n=66)	Nonresponders (n=23)	P-value
Age	46.7±13.5	48.0±12.8	43.0±15.1	0.169
Sex (M:F)	34:55	24:42	10:13	0.545
MADRS score
W0	39.5±9.2	39.1±9.0	40.4±10.0	0.599
W1	28.6±11.1	26.1±10.8	35.9±8.5	0.000*
W2	21.3±12.4	18.6±11.2	29.0±12.9	0.002*
W4	16.6±12.5	12.0±9.6	29.9±10.4	0.000*
W6	14.1±13.1	8.3±7.9	30.6±11.0	0.000*
MADRS improvement rate (%)
W1	26.3±30.0	32.5±30.8	8.7±18.8	0.000*
W2	46.7±27.7	52.6±26.1	30.0±25.8	0.001*
W4	58.6±28.3	70.2±20.9	25.4±18.6	0.000*
W6	64.9±30.3	79.0±18.4	24.2±18.2	0.000*

Note:

* Statistically significant value (P<0.01).

Abbreviations: MADRS, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale; W, week.

Table 2 Demographic and clinical data on the male and female subjects

	Male (n=34)	Female (n=55)	P-value
Age	46.2±11.5	47.0±14.8	0.791
Responder (%)	24 (70.6%)	42 (76.4%)	0.545
MADRS score
W0	37.5±8.4	40.7±9.6	0.109
W1	24.7±10.5	31.0±10.8	0.008*
W2	18.2±10.9	23.3±13.0	0.062
W4	16.0±10.6	17.0±13.7	0.711
W6	14.8±10.3	13.6±14.7	0.684
MADRS improvement rate (%)
W1	33.0±27.7	22.2±30.8	0.099
W2	52.5±25.8	43.2±28.5	0.124
W4	56.4±27.4	60.0±29.0	0.558
W6	59.5±27.0	68.2±31.9	0.187

Note:

* Statistically significant value (P<0.01).

Abbreviations: MADRS, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale; W, week.

Figure 1 ROC curves for all subjects.

Notes: ROC curves for the response at weeks 1, 2, and 4 for all subjects to determine the cutoff points for the MADRS improvement rating. The circles show the ROC curve for week 1 (AUC =0.829), the triangles show the ROC curve for week 2 (AUC =0.764), and the squares show the ROC curve for week 4 (AUC =0.932).
Abbreviations: ROC, receiver operating characteristic; MADRS, Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale; AUC, area under curve.

Figure 2 ROC curves in male subjects.

Notes: ROC curves for response at weeks 1, 2, and 4 in the male subjects to determine the cutoff points for the MADRS improvement rating. The circles show the ROC curve for week 1 (AUC =0.908), the triangles show the ROC curve for week 2 (AUC =0.821), and the squares show the ROC curve for week 4 (AUC =0.979).
Abbreviations: ROC, receiver operating characteristic; MADRS, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale; AUC, area under curve.

Figure 3 ROC curves in female subjects.

Notes: ROC curves for response at weeks 1, 2, and 4 in the female subjects to determine the cutoff points for the MADRS improvement rate. The circles show the ROC curve for week 1 (AUC =0.781), the triangles show the ROC curve for week 2 (AUC =0.735), and the squares show the ROC curve for week 4 (AUC =0.904).
Abbreviations: ROC, receiver operating characteristic; MADRS, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale; AUC, area under curve.

Table 3 The results of ROC curve analysis for total subjects (male and female subjects)

Predictors	Cut off (%)	AUC	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Odds ratio	Likelihood ratio
MADRS improvement rate of total subjects
week 1	21.4	0.829	75.8	82.6	14.8	4.36
week 2	35.7	0.764	75.8	78.3	11.3	3.48
week 4	33.3	0.932	93.9	82.6	73.6	5.40
MADRS improvement rate of male subjects
week 1	20.9	0.908	83.3	80.0	20.0	4.17
week 2	34.9	0.821	83.3	80.0	20.0	4.17
week 4	33.3	0.979	100	90.0	∞	10.0
MADRS improvement rate of female subjects
week 1	21.4	0.781	71.4	84.6	13.8	4.64
week 2	35.7	0.735	73.8	76.9	9.4	3.20
week 4	32.3	0.904	90.5	76.9	31.7	3.92

Abbreviations: ROC, receiver operating characteristic; MADRS, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale; AUC, area under curve.