Effects of quetiapine and olanzapine in patients with psychosis and violent behavior: a pilot randomized, open-label, comparative study

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population

Variable	Quetiapine (n=8)	Olanzapine (n=7)	Group comparisons
Age, mean ± SD, years	42.88±10.30	37.57±9.68	P=0.325a
Sex, male/female	1/7	0/7	P=1.000b
Race
Caucasian	6	3	P=0.315b
Afro-American	1	2	P=0.569b
Hispanic	1	1	P=1.000b
American Native	0	1	P=0.467b
Psychiatric diagnosis (DSM-IV-R)
Schizophrenia	5	5	P=1.000b
Schizoaffective disorder	2	2	P=1.000b
Delusional disorder	1	0	P=1.000b

Notes:

a Student’s t-test;

b Fisher’s exact test.

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; DSM-IV-R, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, Text Revision.

Figure 1 Effect of treatments. IRS, BPRS, CGI –Severity of illness, PANSS – Positive subscale, PANSS – Negative subscale, and PANSS – General subscale scores at baseline (day 0) and endpoint (day 70) in patients treated with quetiapine (n=8) or olanzapine (n=7).

Notes: Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; **P≤0.01; ***P≤0.001, two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test for multiple comparisons.
Abbreviations: BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; CGI, Clinical Global Impression Scale; IRS, Impulsivity Rating Scale; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Table 2 Effects of treatments

	Baseline	Endpoint	Z	P-value
MOAS – episodes of verbal aggression
Quetiapine
Mean ± SD	2.00±2.87	1.63±3.02	−0.44	0.655
Olanzapine
Mean ± SD	3.14±5.84	0.00±0.00	−1.66	0.102
MOAS – physical aggression against objects
Quetiapine
Mean ± SD	0.25±0.70	0.00±0.00	−1.00	0.317
Olanzapine
Mean ± SD	0.29±0.75	0.57±1.51	−1.00	0.317
MOAS – interventions
Quetiapine
Mean ± SD	0.25±0.46	0.38±1.06	−1.34	0.180
Olanzapine
Mean ± SD	0.71±1.49	0.14±0.37	−0.44	0.655
MOAS – duration of aggression of total episodes (minutes)
Quetiapine
Mean ± SD	21.25±34.82	22.50±44.64	0.00	1.000
Olanzapine
Mean ± SD	21.43±38.59	2.14±5.66	−1.60	0.109

Notes: MOAS items score at baseline (day 0) and endpoint (day 70) in patients treated with quetiapine (n=8) or olanzapine (n=7). Data are expressed as mean ± SD. MOAS scores presented high variability since they had a minimum value of zero but no upper limit on the maximum value. Consequently, data were not normally distributed and groups were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

Abbreviations: MOAS, Modified Overt Aggression Scale; SD, standard deviation.

Figure 2 Time course of the depression items mean score change from baseline in the BPRS (top) and PANSS (bottom) in patients treated with quetiapine (n=8) or olanzapine (n=7).

Notes: Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001, quetiapine versus olanzapine; ^#P<0.05, effect of treatment; two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test for multiple comparisons.
Abbreviations: BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.