Factors associated with body image distortion in Korean adolescents

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the subject by sex

	Boys (n=1,285)a	Girls (n=832)a	P-value
Age, y			0.080
13–14	896 (69.7%)	550 (66.1%)
15–16	389 (30.3%)	282 (33.9%)
Family structure			0.573
Living with both parents	1,111 (87.1%)	713 (86.2%)
Living with one parents	165 (12.9%)	114 (13.8%)
Paternal education			0.941
>12 y	683 (63.7%)	464 (63.8%)
≤12 y	390 (36.3%)	263 (36.2%)
Maternal education			0.456
>12 y	549 (51.1%)	389 (52.9%)
≤12 y	526 (48.9%)	347 (47.1%)
Current weight status			0.180
Normal weight	1,044 (81.2%)	697 (83.8%)
Underweight	47 (3.7%)	31 (3.7%)
Overweight	134 (10.4%)	63 (7.6%)
Obese	60 (4.7%)	41 (4.9%)
Body dissatisfaction			<0.001b
Low	317 (24.8%)	83 (10.0%)
Moderate	535 (41.9%)	287 (34.6%)
Extreme	425 (33.3%)	459 (55.4%)
Somatotype drawingsc
No of current body shape	4.2±1.5	4.4±1.3	0.006b
No of ideal body shape	4.1±0.9	3.5±0.8	<0.001b

Notes:

a Values are presented as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation.

b Statistically significant.

c Subjects were requested to nominate the current and ideal body shape from a series of somatotype drawings, which ranged from extremely thin (1) to obese (9).

Abbreviation: y, years.

Table 2 Comparisons of characteristics between subjects with and without body image distortion

	Body image distortion		P-value
	Yes (n=1,087)a	No (n=1,030)a
Age, y			0.028b
13–14	719 (66.1%)	727 (70.6%)
15–16	368 (33.9%)	303 (29.4%)
Sex			<0.001b
Boys	711 (65.4%)	574 (55.7%)
Girls	376 (34.6%)	456 (44.3%)
Family structure			0.829
Living with both parents	941 (86.9%)	883 (86.6%)
Living with one parents	142 (13.1%)	137 (13.4%)
Paternal education			0.166
>12 y	615 (65.2%)	532 (62.1%)
≤12 y	328 (34.8%)	325 (37.9%)
Maternal education			0.636
>12 y	495 (52.3%)	443 (51.2%)
≤12 y	451 (47.7%)	422 (48.8%)
Current weight status			<0.001b
Normal weight	769 (70.7%)	972 (94.4%)
Underweight	39 (3.6%)	39 (3.8%)
Overweight	190 (17.5%)	7 (0.7%)
Obese	89 (8.2%)	12 (1.2%)
Body dissatisfaction			0.018b
Low	185 (17.1%)	215 (21.0%)
Moderate	414 (38.3%)	408 (39.8%)
Extreme	482 (44.6%)	402 (39.2%)
High risk for eating disorders			0.002b
Yes	75 (6.9%)	40 (3.9%)
No	1,012 (93.1%)	990 (96.1%)
Depression			0.527
Yes	325 (29.9%)	321 (31.2%)
No	762 (70.1%)	709 (68.8%)

Notes:

a Values are presented as number (%).

b Statistically significant.

Abbreviation: y, years.

Table 3 Factors associated with body image distortion

Variables	Controls versus subjects with body image distortion
	OR (95% Cl)a	P-value
Age, y (ref: 13–14)
15–16	1.31 (1.02–1.54)	0.031b
Sex (ref: female)
Male	1.55 (1.28–1.89)	<0.001b
Current weight status (ref: normal weight)
Underweight	1.25 (0.79–1.98)	0.337
Overweight	33.27 (15.52–71.35)	<0.001b
Obese	9.37 (5.06–17.34)	<0.001b
Body dissatisfaction (ref: low)
Moderate	1.14 (0.89–1.48)	0.301
Extreme	1.16 (0.89–1.52)	0.277
High risk for eating disorders (ref: no)
Yes	1.69 (1.11–2.58)	0.015b

Notes:

a The ORs were calculated using binary logistic regression analysis and adjusted for sex and age.

b Statistically significant.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; y, years; ref, reference.