Predicting functional remission in patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study of symptomatic remission, psychosocial remission, functioning, and clinical outcome

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of functional remitted and non-remitted patients

Characteristic	Non-remitted (n=143)	Functionally remitted (n=25)	Statistics
Sex (n [%])			x^Citation2=0.05, df=1, P=0.81
Male	88 (61.5)	16 (64.0)
Female	55 (38.5)	9 (36.0)
Marital status (n [%])			x^Citation2=1.42, df=1, P=0.23
Single	135 (94.4)	22 (88.0)
Married	8 (5.6)	3 (12.0)
Employment status (n [%])			x^Citation2=8.41, df=1, P=0.004
Unemployed	109 (76.2)	12 (48.0)
Employed	34 (23.8)	13 (52.0)
Duration of untreated psychosis (n [%])			x^Citation2=0.30, df=1, P=0.57
A year or less	107 (74.8)	20 (80.0)
More than 1 year	36 (25.2)	5 (20.0)
Antipsychotic medication (n [%])			x^Citation2=5.54, df=1, P=0.01
Typical	44 (30.8)	2 (8.0)
Atypical	99 (69.2)	23 (92.0)
Treatment adherence (n [%])			x^Citation2=0.90, df=2, P=0.63
Yes	138 (96.5)	25 (100.0)
Partial	1 (0.7)	–
No	4 (2.8)	–
Previous psychiatric hospitalization (n [%])			x^Citation2=0.12, df=1, P=0.72
No	91 (63.6)	15 (60.0)
Yes	52 (36.4)	10 (40.0)
Age, years (mean [SD])	37.1 (10.6)	36.9 (8.0)	t=0.08, df=166, P=0.92
Length of education, years (mean [SD])	12.2 (3.4)	12.7 (3.4)	t=−0.72, df=166, P=0.47
Age of illness onset, years (mean [SD])	23.0 (7.3)	24.2 (5.4)	t=−0.79, df=166, P=0.43
Duration of illness, years (mean [SD])	14.0 (9.7)	12.0 (8.2)	t=0.68, df=166, P=0.49
Current medications, n (mean [SD])	2.4 (1.1)	1.8 (1.1)	t=2.51, df=166, P=0.01
Psychiatric hospitalizations, n (mean [SD])	2.4 (2.4)	1.8 (1.1)	t=0.91, df=105, P=0.36
CGI – Severity scale score (mean [SD])	3.3 (0.8)	2.3 (0.8)	t=5.28, df=166, P<0.001
PANSS (mean [SD])
Positive	19.55 (5.8)	13.7 (5.1)	t=4.66, df=166, P<0.001
Negative	19.7 (5.4)	14.4 (5.2)	t=4.49, df=166, P<0.001
Cognitive	17.3 (5.3)	12.5 (5.5)	t=4.08, df=166, P<0.001
Excitement	6.8 (2.5)	4.9 (1.3)	t=3.64, df=166, P<0.001
Depression and anxiety	8.3 (2.7)	6.7 (2.4)	t=2.84, df=166, P<0.001
Total	71.8 (17.6)	52.4 (18.0)	t=5.06, df=166, P<0.001

Abbreviations: CGI, Clinical Global Impressions; df, degrees of freedom; PANSS, Positive and Negative Symptom Scale; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Logistic regression model for functional remission

Variable	Beta coefficient	SE	OR	95% CI	P-value
Employment	1.37	0.55	3.95	1.32–11.81	0.010
Use of atypical antipsychotic	1.95	0.82	7.09	1.39–36.03	0.010
Fewer number of medications	1.63	0.59	5.12	1.59–16.51	0.006
Less severe negative PANSS	1.84	0.69	6.31	1.62–24.54	0.008
Less severe cognitive PANSS	1.20	0.73	0.29	0.07–1.25	0.090
Less severe excitement PANSS	2.79	0.92	16.39	2.69–99.94	0.002

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SE, standard error; PANSS, Positive and Negative Symptom Scale.

BarakYAizenbergDClinical and psychosocial remission in schizophrenia: correlations with antipsychotic treatmentBMC Psychiatry20121210822882755

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