Foreign Body and Caustic Substance Ingestion in Childhood

Figures & data

Figure 1 Foreign body in the oesophagus (battery).

Notes: Reproduced with permission from Dörterler.7530

Figure 2 Corrosive oesophagitis: (A) radiological image (B) endoscopic image.

Table 1 Time and Method of Removal According to the Type and Localisation of the Foreign Body.

Foreign Body Type	Foreign Body Localisation	Removal Time	Removal Method	Alternative Intervention
Coin	Esophagus	Emergency	Esophagoscopy (rigid/flexible)	Bougie dilation, balloon catheter
	Stomach	Observation	Esophagoscopy (flexible)	N/A
	Small intestine	Observation	Surgery (in case of acute abdomen signs)	N/A
Sharp objects	Esophagus	Emergency	Esophagoscopy (rigid/flexible)	Rigid endoscopy for penetrating objects
	Stomach	Emergency	Esophagoscopy (flexible)	N/A
	Small intestine	Observation	Surgery (in case of acute abdomen signs)	N/A
Long objects (>5 cm)	Esophagus	Emergency	Esophagoscopy (rigid/flexible)	N/A
	Stomach	Emergency	Esophagoscopy (flexible)	N/A
	Small intestine	Emergency	Surgery (in case of acute abdomen signs)	N/A
Food content	Esophagus	Emergency	Esophagoscopy (rigid/flexible)	If there are no symptoms of obstruction removal within 12 hours, immediate removal if there is obstruction

Notes: Data from Gupta et al.47

Abbreviation: N/A, not applicable.

Dörterler ME. Clinical Profile and Outcome of Esophageal Button Battery Ingestion in Children: An 8-Year Retrospective Case Series. Emerg Med Int. 2019;2019:3752645. doi:10.1155/2019/3752645

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Gupta SK, Croffie JM, Fitzgerald JF. Is esophagogastroduodenoscopy necessary in all caustic ingestions? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2001;32:50–53.

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