Predictors of Medication-Related Emergency Department Admissions Among Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South-Western Uganda

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases Admitted to the MRRH ED Between February and September, 2020

Variable	Category	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Age (years)	<65	76	59.40
	≥65	52	40.60
Gender	Female	77	60.20
	Male	51	39.80
Occupation	Student/unemployed	86	67.10
	Employed	18	14.10
	Self-employed	24	18.80
Education level	Uneducated	65	50.80
	Primary	44	34.40
	Secondary	8	6.20
	Tertiary	11	8.60
Marital status	Single	5	3.90
	Married	89	69.50
	Divorced/widowed	39	30.50
Alcohol	No	43	33.60
	Yes	85	66.40
Tobacco	No	97	75.80
	Yes	31	24.20
Distance from hospital (km)	<10	59	46.10
	≥10	69	53.90

Table 2 Prevalence of Drug and Disease-Related Factors of Patients with Cardiovascular Disease, Admitted at MRRH ED Between February and September, 2020

Variable	Category	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Number of previous admissions in 1 year	≤2	75	58.60
	≥3	53	41.40
Drug allergies	No	118	92.20
	Yes	10	7.80
New drug prescribed in last 3 months	No	62	48.40
	Yes	66	51.60
Number of medications	≤2	32	25.00
	≥3	96	75.00
Comorbid condition	No	65	50.80
	Yes	63	49.20
Previous diagnosis category	Primarily vascular	102	79.70
	Primarily cardiac	26	20.30
Duration of previous diagnosis category (years)	1–2	75	58.60
	≥3	53	41.40

Figure 1 Prevalence of MRED admissions among patients with cardiovascular disease, admitted at MRRH ED between February and September, 2020.

Table 3 Medication Therapy Problems Among MRED Admissions of Patients with Cardiovascular Disease, Admitted at MRRH ED Between February and September, 2020

MTP Category	Frequency of MTPs (%)	Proportion Among MRED Admissions
Ineffective drug therapy	56 (34.8%)	56 (53.3%)
Medication non-adherence	90 (55.9%)	45 (42.9%)
ADRs	15 (9.3%)	4 (3.8%)
MTP incidence/admission	161/128 admissions = 1.3	161/105 MRED admissions = 1.5

Figure 2 Causes of medication non-adherence among patients with cardiovascular disease, admitted at MRRH ED between February and September, 2020.

Table 4 Univariate Analysis of Patient, Disease and Drug-Related Factors Among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease, Admitted at the MRRH ED Between February and September, 2020

Variable	Category	Medication-Related ED (MRED) Admissions		COR (95% CI)	P-value
		No	Yes
Age (years)	<65	16	60	0.60 (0.22, 1.54)	0.28
	≥65	7	45	1
Gender	Female	7	70	4.60 (1.70, 12.10)	0.002
	Male	16	35	1
Occupation	Unemployed/student	16	70	0.88 (0.26, 2.91)	0.88
	Employed	3	15	1.00 (0.19, 5.15)	1.00
	Self-employed	4	20	1
Education	Uneducated	13	52	0.40 (0.05, 3.41)	0.40
	Primary	7	37	0.53 (0.06, 4.81)	0.57
	Secondary	2	6	0.30 (0.02, 4.06)	0.37
	Tertiary	1	10	1
Marital status	Single	2	3	0.09 (0.01, 0.93)	0.04
	Married	19	70	0.23 (0.05, 1.05)	0.06
	Divorced/widowed	2	32	1
Distance to hospital (km)	<10	9	50	1.41 (0.56, 3.55)	0.46
	≥10	14	55	1
Previous admissions in one year	≤2	14	61	0.89 (0.35, 2.24)	0.81
	≥3	9	44	1
Tobacco	No	1	30	1
	Yes	22	75	8.8 (1.13, 68.23)	0.04
Alcohol	No	10	33	1
	Yes	13	72	1.68 (0.67, 4.22)	0.27
Drug allergy	No	22	96	0.49 (0.06, 4.03)	0.50
	Yes	1	9	1
New drug in 3 months	No	14	48	1
	Yes	9	57	1.85 (0.74, 4.64)	0.19
Number of medications	≤2	9	23	1
	≥3	14	82	2.29 (0.88, 5.97)	0.09
Previous diagnosis	Vascular	19	83	0.79 (0.25, 2.58)	0.70
	Cardiac			1
Duration of previous diagnosis (years)	1–2	13	62	1.11 (0.45, 2.76)	0.82
	≥3	10	43	1
Comorbid conditions	No	13	52	0.76 (0.30, 1.87)	0.54
	Yes	10	53	1

Table 5 Multivariate Analysis of Patient, Disease and Drug-Related Factors Associated with MRED Admissions Among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease, Admitted at the MRRH ED Between February and September, 2020

Variable	Category	MRED Admissions		COR (95% CI)	P-value	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
		No	Yes
Gender	Female	7	70	4.60 (1.70, 12.10)	0.002	4.31 (1.43, 13.03)	0.010
	Male	16	35	1		1
Tobacco	Yes	1	30	8.8 (1.13, 68.23)	0.040	9.58 (1.14, 80.28)	0.037
	No	22	75	1		1