Gene Expression Profiling of Monozygotic Twins Affected by Psoriatic Arthritis

Figures & data

Figure 1 Radiographic findings in twin A and twin B. Characteristic erosive and osteoproliferative alterations including typical pencil in cup lesions are evident; tarsal and metatarsal joints of both feet were involved in twin A (A and B). In twin B (D and E) X-ray show less severe lesions, of note the erosive findings in the first PIP of the left foot (E). Sacroiliitis was detectable in both patients (C and F).

Table 1 List of Selected Coding Differentially Expressed Genes Between A and B Twins. Coding DEGs with a Relevant Physiopathologic Role Were Extrapolated from the Comparative Gene Expression Analysis (Fold Change Cutoff ± 2.0; Total DEGs= 163, of Which Coding DEGs= 36), by Combining the IPA Bioinformatic Analysis with the Literature (Input: Function/Disease Search)

Gene Symbol	Full Name	Functions/Association to Diseases	FC A vs B (Cutoff ± 2.0)	Refs
ACSM3	acyl-CoA synthetase medium-chain family member 3	Metabolic pathways and biosynthetic processes/hypertension	2.0	^Citation17,Citation18
CEACAM1	Antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1	Immunomodulatory processes/rheumatic disease	2.2	^Citation19
CEACAM8	Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8	Inflammation/rheumatic disease	2.0	^Citation20,Citation21
CLEC4D	C-type lectin domain family 4, member D	Inflammation/immune response/rheumatic disease	2.2	^Citation22
DMD	Dystrophin	Cardiomyopathy/skeletal muscle tissue development	3.3	^Citation23
FMOD	Fibromodulin	Inflammatory response/regulate TGF-beta activities	3.6	^Citation24^–^Citation26
IGKC	Immunoglobulin kappa constant	Inflammation/Amyloidosis/autoimmune disease	2.2	^Citation27
INPP5F	Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase F	Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism/Cardiac response to stress	2.1	^Citation28,Citation29
MMP8	Matrix metallopeptidase 8 (neutrophil collagenase)	Inflammation/ossification/rheumatic disease	2.2	^Citation14,Citation15
ROR1	Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1	Inflammatory and immune response/Wnt-pathway	2.4	^Citation12,Citation13,Citation30,Citation31
TTN	Titin/Connectin	Cardiomyopathies/muscular dystrophy	2.0	^Citation32

Figure 2 Overlapping Canonical Pathways map generated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. A pathway network was generated representing from the top of overrepresented pathways determined by IPA, to reveal shared biology among the identified candidate genes. Notes: edge-connected canonical pathways share one or more genes in common. Nodes represent pathways and bright red represents more significant canonical pathways in the gene set. The canonical pathways map was generated by QIAGEN’s Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (QIAGEN Inc., https://www.qiagenbioinformatics.com/products/ingenuity-pathway-analysis).

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