Preoperative subconjunctival combined injection of bevacizumab and mitomycin C before the surgical excision of primary pterygium: clinical and histological results

Figures & data

Figure 1 Subpterygium injection of MMC and bevacizumab by insulin syringe under topical anesthesia.

Abbreviation: MMC, mitomycin C.

Table 1 Preoperative data of 20 patients involved in our study

N	Age (years)	Sex	Eye	Surface area (mm^2)	Follow-up period (months)	Recurrence grade	Complications
1	52	M	OD	7.5	31	1	None
2	44	M	OS	6	33	1	None
3	50	F	OD	5	26	2	None
4	46	M	OS	7.8	33	3	Subconjunctival hemorrhage
5	47	F	OD	6	27	2	None
6	49	M	OS	11.7	28	2	None
7	55	M	OD	12	27	1	None
8	56	F	OD	12.5	29	1	Punctate epithelial erosions
9	60	F	OD	10	30	1	None
10	68	F	OS	11	36	2	None
11	64	M	OD	6.5	33	1	None
12	64	M	OS	6.8	36	2	None
13	60	F	OD	8.2	24	2	None
14	49	M	OS	11.2	35	1	None
15	59	F	OD	10.4	28	1	None
16	58	M	OS	8.4	29	1	None
17	52	M	OD	6.8	30	2	None
18	49	F	OS	12	33	1	None
19	63	M	OD	12.5	34	1	None
20	67	M	OD	11.8	26	1	None

Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; OD, right eye; OS, left eye.

Table 2 The data of the two cases used as control

N	Age (years)	Sex	Eye	Surface area (mm^2)	Follow-up period (months)	Recurrence grade	Complications
1	55	M	OD	7	24	1	None
2	60	F	OS	6.5	24	1	None

Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; OD, right eye; OS, left eye.

Figure 2 Grades of recurrence.

Figure 3 A photomicrograph of untreated pterygium section showing alternative thin and thick areas that appear in the surface epithelium.

Notes: Some goblet cells are arranged as intraepithelial gland (I). Some areas of hyaloid degeneration of collagen fibers (C) and numerous nuclei of fibroblast cells (arrow) are seen. H&E: ×400.
Abbreviation: H&E, haematoxilin and eosin stain.

Figure 4 A photomicrograph of untreated pterygium section showing connective tissue stroma that is covered by conjunctival epithelium.

Notes: The stroma is rich in vascular network of dilated congested blood vessels (arrow). Marked inflammatory mononuclear cellular infiltration with an area of hemorrhage (H) is also noticed. H&E: ×200.
Abbreviation: H&E, haematoxilin and eosin stain.

Figure 5 A photomicrograph of untreated pterygium section showing subepithelial connective tissue that is rich in collagen fibers.

Notes: Some areas exhibit hyaloid degeneration (C). Light green: ×400.

Figure 6 A photomicrograph of noninjected pterygium section immunostained with CD31 antibody showing numerous CD31-positive vessels in subepithelial and connective tissue stroma.

Note: Anti-CD31: ×400.

Figure 7 A photomicrograph of treated pterygium section showing the absence of goblet cells in the covering conjunctival epithelium.

Notes: The connective tissue stroma is devoid of the inflammatory infiltration and congested blood vessels. An apparent decrease in the number of fibroblast nuclei (arrow) is noticed. H&E: ×200.
Abbreviation: H&E, haematoxilin and eosin stain.

Figure 8 A photomicrograph of treated pterygium section showing the collagen fibers that are regularly arranged close to each other with no signs of degeneration.

Note: Light green: ×400.

Figure 9 A photomicrograph of injected pterygium-immunostained section showing a small number of subepithelial CD31-positive vessels.

Note: Anti-CD31: ×400.

Figure 10 The mean of area percentage of collagen fibers and microvessel density of CD31 of the two groups.