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Original Research

Impact of virtual reality simulation on learning barriers of phacoemulsification perceived by residents

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 885-893 | Published online: 11 May 2018

Figures & data

Figure 1 Survey on ophthalmic residents’ perceived difficulties during phacoemulsification cataract extraction surgery.

Figure 1 Survey on ophthalmic residents’ perceived difficulties during phacoemulsification cataract extraction surgery.

Figure 2 Histogram of mean difficulty scores of the eight tasks that trainees without Eyesi training had significantly higher scores than trainees who had the Eyesi training. These tasks were ordered from left to right on the histogram according to the highest difficulty ranking perceived by the overall group to the least difficult.

Abbreviation: IOL, intraocular lens.
Figure 2 Histogram of mean difficulty scores of the eight tasks that trainees without Eyesi training had significantly higher scores than trainees who had the Eyesi training. These tasks were ordered from left to right on the histogram according to the highest difficulty ranking perceived by the overall group to the least difficult.

Table 1 Mean difficulty scores on 14 specific tasks and six global indices for phacoemulsification based on the International Council of Ophthalmology’s Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric perceived by all respondents (N = 19), the subgroup which had no Eyesi simulation training (N = 6), and the subgroup which had Eyesi simulation training (N = 13)

Table 2 Regression analyses of four tasks (cracking and chopping of lens nucleus, completion of capsulorrhexis, rotation and manipulation of lens nucleus, and overall speed and fluidity) that trainees who had Eyesi simulation training had significantly lower difficulty scores than trainees who did not have Eyesi simulation training

Table 3 Regression analyses of four tasks (sculpting or primary chopping of nucleus, commencement of capsulorrhexis flap, IOL insertion, and appropriate use and safe insertion of viscoelastic) that trainees who had Eyesi simulation training had significantly lower difficulty scores than trainees who did not have Eyesi simulation training