Refractive changes after lens-sparing vitrectomy for macular hole and epiretinal membrane

Figures & data

Figure 1 Myopia progression rate (D/month) in both groups.

Notes: This rate is significantly higher in the MH group compared with the ERM group (0.42±0.25 vs 0.29±0.19, P=0.035). *Unpaired t-test.
Abbreviations: MH, macular hole; ERM, epiretinal membrane.

Table 1 Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors in both groups

Factors	MH	ERM	P-value
Age (years)	65.3±6.6	66.9±7.6	0.45*
Gender (male/female)	5/20	12/11	0.043**
Ocular side (left/right)	11/14	13/10	0.55**
Preoperative spherical equivalent (D)	−1.12±4.18	−2.01±3.69	0.48*
Surgical time (min)	57.7±14.1	43.0±10.4	<0.001*
Use of TA (yes/no)	21/4	11/12	0.019**
Use of BBG (yes/no)	24/1	1/22	<0.001**
Axial length (mm)	23.84±1.53	24.11±1.73	0.56*
Follow-up period (months)	13.4±6.35	12.5±5.9	0.85*
Combination of diabetes (yes/no)	3/22	1/22	0.34**
Combination of hypertension (yes/no)	11/14	11/12	0.79**
Combination of hyperlipidemia (yes/no)	4/21	2/21	0.45**
Fluid–air exchange (yes/no)	25/0	0/23	<0.001**

Notes: Mean ± SD.

* Unpaired t-test;

** chi-square test.

Abbreviations: TA, triamcinolone acetonide; BBG, brilliant blue G; MH, macular hole; ERM, epiretinal membrane.

Table 2 Receiving cataract surgery after vitrectomy in both groups and tamponade material in MH group

Factors	MH	ERM	P-value
Receiving cataract surgery (yes/no)	21/4	17/6	0.61
Tamponade material (20% SF6/12.5% C3F8/air)	20/1/4	–	–

Abbreviations: MH, macular hole; ERM, epiretinal membrane; SF₆, 20% sulfur hexafluoride; C₃F₈, 12.5% octafluoropropane.

Figure 2 Correlation between myopia progression rate and four factors (surgical time, gender, TA use, and BBG use) in the MH group.

Notes: Correlation with surgical time is plotted in (A). Comparison to gender rate is shown in (B) (male; 0.14±0.12 vs female; 0.46±0.25, P<0.001). Comparison of TA use and BBG use is shown in (C) and (D), respectively. *Unpaired t-test, ***Pearson’s correlation coefficient, ^#impossible to compare.
Abbreviations: TA, triamcinolone acetonide; BBG, brilliant blue G; MH, macular hole.

Table 3 Correlation coefficients of factors related to myopia progression rate in the MH group

Factor	Pearson’s correlation coefficient (P-value)
Gender	0.568 (0.002)
Surgical time	0.011 (0.959)
TA	−0.306 (0.128)
BBG	0.380 (0.055)

Note: Significant correlation shown in bold.

Abbreviations: MH, macular hole; TA, triamcinolone acetonide; BBG, brilliant blue G.

Table 4 The mean age of patients in the MH group

	Male	Female	P-value
Age (years)	73.6±6.3	63.3±5.2	<0.01*

Note: Mean ± SD,

* unpaired t-test.

Abbreviation: MH, macular hole.