Prevalence of ocular morbidity among children aged 17 years or younger in the eastern India

Figures & data

Table 1 Sex-wise distribution of prevalence of ocular morbidity in children <17 years

Types of ocular morbidity	Male			Female			Total
	n	%	Mean±SE	n	%	Mean±SE	n	%	Mean±SE
Myopia	73	11.5	11.97±2.91	84	13.2	11.37±2.57	157	24.8	11.65±2.74
Myopic astigmatism	43	6.7	11.81±2.88	56	8.8	11.75±2.62	99	15.6	11.78±2.72
Hypermetropia	28	4.4	11±2.49	21	3.3	11.95±2.38	49	7.7	11.41±2.47
Hypermetropic astigmatism	16	2.5	11.25±2.41	25	3.9	11.76±2.89	41	6.4	11.56±2.69
Anisometropic amblyopia	11	1.7	12±3.09	14	2.2	11.57±2.65	25	3.9	11.76±2.80
Strabismus	9	1.4	12.44±1.94	17	2.6	11.41±2.50	26	4.1	11.77±2.34
Allergic conjunctivitis	23	3.6	12.17±2.85	31	4.8	11.87±2.89	54	8.5	12±2.85
Vitamin A deficiency	17	2.6	12.59±3.02	12	1.8	11.75±3.25	29	4.5	12.24±3.09
Congenital abnormalities	24	3.7	12.33±2.78	33	5.2	11.79±2.70	57	9.0	12.02±2.72
Blepharitis	19	3.0	12.58±2.87	13	2.0	11.46±2.37	32	5.0	12.12±2.7
Traumatic eye injury	21	3.3	12.05±2.78	24	3.7	13.17±2.93	45	7.1	12.64±2.88
Frontal sinusitis	7	1.1	10.86±2.79	12	1.8	13.77±3.39	19	3.0	12.75±3.43

Table 2 Groupwise distribution of various types of ocular morbidity prevalence in children <17 years

Types of ocular morbidity	6–9 years	9–12 years	12–15 years	15–17 years	P-value
	n=77	n=161	n=302	n=94
	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)
Myopia	3.0	4.8	13.4	3.4	0.8100
Myopic astigmatism	1.8	2.3	8.8	2.5	0.6767
Hypermetropia	0.4	2.3	3.9	0.9	0.6368
Hypermetropic astigmatism	0.4	2.0	3.3	0.6	0.5178
Anisometropic amblyopia	0.0	0.3	2.3	1.2	0.7663
Strabismus	0.4	1.1	1.7	0.7	0.1677
Allergic conjunctivitis	1.7	2.8	3.3	0.6	0.5251
Vitamin A deficiency	0.4	1.2	2.3	0.4	0.5656
Congenital abnormalities	1.8	2.5	3.3	1.2	0.3070
Blepharitis	0.4	2.2	1.7	0.6	0.4794
Traumatic eye injury	1.2	2.8	1.8	1.1	0.7541
Frontal sinusitis	0.0	0.6	1.4	1.1	0.3432

Table 3 Comparison of prevalence of ocular morbidity between children <12 years vs children >12 years

Types of ocular morbidity	6–12 years						12–17 years
	Male			Female			Male			Female
	n	%	Mean±SD	n	%	Mean±SD	n	%	Mean±SD	n	%	Mean±SD
Myopia	22	3.4	9.05±1.84	28	4.4	8.68±1.72	51	8.0	13.61±1.44	56	8.8	13.46±1.32
Myopic astigmatism	11	1.7	8.91±1.7	16	2.5	9.25±1.48	32	5.0	13.72±1.59	40	6.3	13.7±1.6
Hypermetropia	11	1.7	9.18±1.72	7	1.1	9.29±1.38	17	2.7	13.53±1.42	14	2.2	13.71±1.59
Hypermetropic astigmatism	4	0.6	8.25±1.71	12	1.9	9±1.71	12	1.9	13.67±1.61	13	2.0	13.77±1.54
Anisometropic amblyopia	0	0.0	0	2	0.3	8.5±3.54	11	1.7	14.36±1.8	12	1.9	13.83±1.59
Strabismus	3	0.4	8.33±2.08	7	1.1	9±1.63	6	0.9	13.33±1.51	10	1.6	13.1±1.29
Allergic conjunctivitis	15	2.3	8.8±1.9	14	2.2	8.93±1.73	8	1.3	13.88±1.96	17	2.7	13.59±1.5
Vitamin A deficiency	6	0.9	8.67±1.75	5	0.8	8.2±2.28	11	1.7	13.73±1.68	7	1.1	13.71±1.8
Congenital abnormalities	12	1.8	8.67±1.83	16	2.5	8.69±1.74	12	1.9	13.75±1.6	17	2.7	13.47±1.46
Blepharitis	9	1.4	8.78±1.64	8	1.3	9.38±1.41	10	1.6	14.2±1.48	5	0.8	13.4±1.67
Traumatic eye injury	9	1.4	8.44±1.81	17	2.7	9±1.87	12	1.9	13.75±1.6	7	1.1	14±1.63
Frontal sinusitis	1	0.1	–	3	0.5	8.67±2.52	6	0.9	13.67±1.63	10	1.6	15.4±1.26

Figure 1 Myopic fundi showing (A) peridiscal crescent, posterior staphyloma and (B) peripheral retinal lattice degeneration.

Figure 2 Right eye showing VKC (A) early stage and (B) late stage.

Abbreviation: VKC, vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

Figure 3 Eye showing subconjunctival hemorrhage.

Figure 4 Eyes showing superficially embedded corneal foreign body.

Figure 5 Blunt trauma-related retinal injuries: (A) commotio retinae, (B) choroidal tear with subretinal hemorrhage, (C) badly lacerated retina, and (D) retinal detachment.