Factors associated with fluctuations in repeated measurements of intraocular pressure using the Goldmann applanation tonometer in Japanese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient characteristics (n=214)

Age (years)	70.2±11.9 (32–94)
Sex, female (%)	121 (57)
NCT (mmHg)	14.7±2.8 (10–22)
Timolol	74 patients
Carteolol	7 patients
Beta-blockers	81 patients
Latanoprost	99 patients
Travoprost	28 patients
Tafluprost	4 patients
Bimatoprost	2 patients
Prostaglandin analogs	133 patients

Notes: The data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (range). NCT is used to measure intraocular pressure.

Abbreviation: NCT, noncontact tonometer.

Table 2 Comparison of right and left eyes

	Right eye	Left eye	P-value*
Refraction (D)	−1.34±3.67 (−13.25 to 4.25)	−1.34±3.59 (−13.75 to 4.25)	0.238
Cylinder (D)	−1.09±0.64 (−2.75 to 0)	−1.10±0.74 (−2.75 to 0)	0.875
Corneal curvature (mm)	7.66±0.25 (6.90 to 8.39)	7.67±0.27 (6.84 to 8.45)	0.764
Mean deviation** (dB)	−3.40±3.99 (−17.68 to 1.58)	−3.46±3.89 (−17.36 to 1.44)	0.806
IOP on first cycle (mmHg)	13.7±2.8 (8 to 21)	13.3±2.8 (7 to 21)	0.188
IOP on second cycle (mmHg)	13.2±2.7 (7 to 21)	13.1±2.9 (7 to 21)	0.541

Notes: The data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (range). The IOP values were obtained with SITA standard 24–2 testing protocol using a Humphrey field analyzer 750.

* Paired t-test.

** A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Abbreviations: IOP, intraocular pressure; SITA, Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm.

Table 3 Comparison of successive IOP measurements

Measurement	IOP (mmHg)	P-value*
First	13.8±2.8 (8–21)
Second	13.3±2.7 (7–21)	0.000 (first vs second)
Third	13.2±2.7 (7–21)	0.036 (second vs third)
Fourth	13.0±2.7 (7–21)	0.001 (third vs fourth)

Notes: The data are shown as the mean ± SD (range).

* Repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Abbreviation: IOP, intraocular pressure.

Table 4 Regression analysis to determine factors associated with fluctuating intraocular pressure measurements

Variables	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value*
Age	0.994	0.987–1.002	0.129
Sex	0.633	0.360–1.114	0.113
Use of a prostaglandin analog	2.366	1.364–4.105	0.002
Refraction	0.958	0.775–1.185	0.693
Cylinder	1.394	0.882–2.205	0.155
Corneal curvature	0.426	0.016–11.466	0.612
Mean deviation	1.052	0.969–1.141	0.225

Note:

* Conditional binomial logistic regression analysis.