Comorbid hepatitis C does not modulate prevalence or severity of diabetic retinopathy

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus with or without hepatitis C

Characteristic		Hepatitis C (n=120)	Control (n=120)	p-Value
Age (years)		65.4	64.9	0.60
Gender	Women, n (%)	45 (37.5)	80 (66.7)	<0.001
	Men, n (%)	75 (62.5)	40 (33.3)
Average HbA1c (%)		7.9	8.1	0.34
Duration of DM (years)		8.8	9.6	0.45
Hypertension, n (%)		102 (85.0)	93 (77.5)	0.14
Dyslipidemia, n (%)		39 (32.5)	65 (54.2)	0.05
HIV, n (%)		32 (26.7)	5 (4.2)	<0.001
Hepatitis B, n (%)		0 (0)	N/A	N/A

Abbreviations: HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; DM, diabetes mellitus.

Table 2 Prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes mellitus with or without comorbid hepatitis C

Outcome		Hepatitis C (n=120)	Control (n=120)	p-Value
DR prevalence, n (%)		43 (35.8)	51 (42.5)	0.29
DR severity	No DR, n (%)	77 (64.2)	69 (57.5)	0.35
	NPDR, n (%)	35 (29.2)	37 (30.8)
	PDR, n (%)	8 (6.7)	14 (11.7)
Treatment for DME prevalence, n (%)		7 (5.8)	16 (13.3)	0.08
Surgery for PDR prevalence, n (%)		5 (4.2)	5 (4.2)	1.0
BCVA, logMAR (Snellen)		0.20 (20/32)	0.25 (20/36)	0.42
BCVA among patients with DR, logMAR (Snellen)		0.33 (20/43)	0.42 (20/53)	0.48

Abbreviations: DR, diabetic retinopathy; NPDR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; DME, diabetic macular edema; BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity.

Figure 1 Severity of diabetic retinopathy in subgroups of patients with diabetes mellitus and hepatitis C.

Note: ^aData were not available for all subjects.

Abbreviations: DR, diabetic retinopathy; NPDR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Table 3 Logistic regression model of covariates, reference is no retinopathy

Variable	Odds ratio	p-Value
HTN	1.32	0.73
HIV	1.29	0.66
Age	0.99	0.73
HbA1c	1.06	0.71
DM duration	1.14	0.0005
Cirrhosis	0.69	0.45

Abbreviations: HTN, hypertension; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; DM, diabetes mellitus.