Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments Implantation And Corneal Cross-Linking For Keratoconus In Children With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis – Three-Year Results

Figures & data

Table 1 Comparison Between The 2 Groups Regarding Preoperative And Postoperative Measures

Variables	Preoperative			Postoperative
	Group 1 (N.=32)	Group 2 (N.=20)	P-value	Group 1 (N.=32)	Group 2 (N.=20)	P-value
UCVA	0.97 ± 0.19	0.68 ±0.28	0.001	0.61 ± 0.27	0.58 ± 0.34	0.726
BCVA	0.67± 0.18	0.38 ± 0.24	<0.001	0.39 ± 0.21	0.19 ± 0.17	0.001
Sphere	−5.43 ± 4.06	−2.06 ± 2.45	<0.001	−2.05 ± 2.99	−1.69 ± 2.12	0.843
Cylinder	−7.01 ± 2.56	−1.86± 1.3	<0.001	−2.41 ± 1.51	−1.48 ± 0.83	0.012
J0	1.35 ± 2.51	0.19 ± 0.81	0.021	0.26 ± 1.15	0.07 ± 0.59	0.449
J45	−0.27 ± 2.19	0.13 ± 0.79	0.354	0.03 ± 0.76	0.1 ± 0.63	0.713
SE	−8.75 ± 4.55	−2.84 ± 2.59	<0.001	−3.25 ± 3.56	−2.35 ± 2.07	0.48
K1	47.74 ± 3.21	44.18 ± 1.46	<0.001	45.01 ± 3.94	43.94 ± 1.38	0.169
K2	52.8 ± 3.76	46.64 ± 2.39	<0.001	47.77 ± 3.93	46.54± 1.84	0.198
Kmax	60.41 ± 4.98	50.29 ± 4.04	<0.001	55.22 ± 5.72	49.58 ± 3.26	<0.001
Thinnest location	443.47 ± 42.46	452.1 ± 33.81	0.446	434.81 ± 46.41	437.8 ± 46.03	0.822
Q-Value	−1.18± 0.54	−0.58 ± 0.23	<0.001	−0.44 ± 0.68	−0.57 ± 0.25	0.631
Corneal Vol.	55.04 ± 3.06	54.93 ± 3.83	0.907	56.46 ± 2.94	54.69 ± 3.87	0.069
Ant. Elev.	28.06 ± 8.43	13.3 ± 7.21	<0.001	18.31 ± 8.86	11.6 ± 6.74	0.006
Post. Elev.	49.06 ± 15.09	28.5 ± 13.95	<0.001	43.97 ± 16.98	27.85 ± 14.21	<0.001

Table 2 Comparison Between Preoperative And Postoperative Measures In The 2 Groups

Variables	Group 1			Group 2
	Preoperative	Postoperative	P-value	Preoperative	Postoperative	P-value
UCVA	0.97 ± 0.19	0.61 ± 0.27	<0.001	0.68 ± 0.28	0.58 ± 0.34	0.006
BCVA	0.67 ± 0.18	0.39 ± 0.21	<0.001	0.38 ± 0.24	0.19 ± 0.17	<0.001
Sphere	−5.43 ± 4.06	−2.05 ± 2.99	<0.001	−2.06 ± 2.45	−1.69 ± 2.12	0.032
Cylinder	−7.01 ± 2.56	−2.41 ± 1.51	<0.001	−1.86 ± 1.3	−1.48 ± 0.83	0.084
J0	1.35 ± 2.51	0.26 ± 1.15	0.021	0.19 ± 0.81	0.07 ± 0.59	0.172
J45	−0.27 ± 2.19	0.03 ± 0.76	0.514	0.13 ± 0.79	0.1 ± 0.63	0.622
SE	−8.75 ± 4.55	−3.25 ± 3.56	<0.001	−2.84 ± 2.59	−2.35 ± 2.07	0.119
K1	47.74 ± 3.21	45.01 ± 3.94	<0.001	44.18 ± 1.46	43.94 ± 1.38	0.166
K2	52.8 ± 3.76	47.77 ± 3.93	<0.001	46.64 ± 2.39	46.54± 1.84	0.641
Kmax	60.41 ± 4.98	55.22 ± 5.72	<0.001	50.29 ± 4.04	49.58 ± 3.26	0.152
Thinnest location	443.47 ± 42.46	434.81 ± 46.41	0.031	452.1 ± 33.81	437.8 ± 46.03	0.016
Q-Value	−1.18 ± 0.54	−0.44 ± 0.68	<0.001	−0.58 ± 0.23	−0.57 ± 0.25	0.597
Corneal Vol.	55.04 ± 3.06	56.46 ± 2.94	<0.001	54.93 ± 3.83	54.69 ± 3.87	0.778
Ant. Elev.	28.06 ± 8.43	18.31 ± 8.86	<0.001	13.3 ± 7.21	11.6 ± 6.74	0.204
Post. Elev.	49.06 ± 15.09	43.97 ± 16.98	0.017	28.5 ± 13.95	27.85 ± 14.21	0.526

Figure 1 Chart showing a comparison between the study groups regarding the mean preoperative and postoperative uncorrected (UCVA) and best-corrected (BCVA) visual acuity.

Figure 2 Chart showing a comparison between the study groups regarding the mean preoperative and postoperative spherical equivalent (SE).

Figure 3 Chart showing a comparison between the study groups regarding the mean preoperative and postoperative 8mm Q-value.

Figure 4 Chart showing a comparison between the study groups regarding the mean preoperative and postoperative Kmax.

Figure 5 Consecutive Scheimflug images of the case that required repeat cross-linking.