Outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling with brilliant blue in macular hole

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient (n = 50) characteristics

Gender
Male (n)	17
Female (n)	33
Age (years)
Mean ± SD	63.34 ± 9.6
Range	39–82
Mean follow-up (months)	13.6 ± 1.09
Lens status before surgery
Phakic (n)	31
Pseudophakic (n)	19
Stage of macular hole
Stage 2	17 (34%)
Stage 3	24 (48%)
Stage 4	9 (18%)

Abbreviations: n, number; SD, standard deviation.

Figure 1 Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of all patients before and after surgery (12 month).

Table 2 Visual acuity (logMAR)

Macular hole stage	Preop	Postop 3 months	Postop 6 months	Postop 9 months	Postop 12 months	Statistical significance (P)
2	0.60 ± 0.21	0.33 ± 0.13	0.35 ± 0.14	0.22 ± 0.12	0.20 ± 0.14	< 0.05
3	0.70 ± 0.24	0.47 ± 0.23	0.53 ± 0.25	0.43 ± 0.27	0.43 ± 0.27	< 0.05
4	0.89 ± 0.21	0.75 ± 0.28	0.78 ± 0.29	0.75 ± 0.32	0.75 ± 0.32	= 0.89

Abbreviations: preop, preoperative; postop, postoperative.

Figure 2 Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (logMAR) measurements of patients with stage 2, 3 and 4 macular hole after vitrectomy and brilliant blue–assisted internal limiting membrane peeling. Stages 2 and 3 patients showed significant improvements, whereas there was no significant change in stage 4 patients.

Abbreviations: preop, preoperative; postop, postoperative.

Figure 3 A representative patient with stage 4 macular hole. Preoperative (A) and postoperative 3 month (B) optical coherence tomography images.