Vessel Density in Glaucoma of Different Entities as Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and Ocular Characteristics of the Study Population

	POAG	NTG	XFG	p-Value^a
Number of eyes (n)	40	19	21
Age (years)	61.45±14.33	57.32±13.82	70.09±6.81	0.00595
Time since first diagnosis of glaucoma (months)	134.29±116.62	40.0±53.84	73.88±48.16	0.0026
IOP (mmHg)	16.45±4.67	14.05±3.58	18.05±7.90	0.0763
Refractive error (dpt)	−0.59±2.0	−1.86±2.46	0.24±1.95	0.0105
Pseudophakia (n)	7	1	4	0.391
Cup:disc ratio (mean ± SD)	0.54±0.20	0.66±0.12	0.61±0.16	0.0404
Mean deviation in visual field (dB)	−3.79±5.74	−6.5±5.67	−4.66±8.12	0.0049
Antiglaucomatous eye drops (number of active pharmaceutical ingredients)	2.32±1.54	1.63±1.49	2.52±1.66	0.167
GCC total (µm)	86.09±10.51	78.74±15.44	79.56±11.99	0.0445
RNFL average (µm)	79.73±13.66	76.37±17.47	77.14±15.04	0.671

Abbreviations: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; XFG, exfoliation glaucoma; NTG, normal-tension glaucoma; GCC, ganglion cell complex; RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer.

Values expressed as mean ± standard deviation (^a1-way ANOVA).

Table 2 OCTA Results for ONH Vessel Density in the RPC Layer

Segmentation RPC	POAG	NTG	XFG	p-Value^a	Differences Between the Three Groups^b
SSI	57.0 (41.0;72.0)	56.0 (40.0;71.0)	50.0 (42.0;74.0)	0.09
wpVD (%)	47.55 (27.8;58.9)	48.11 (25.2;56.4)	45.89 (29.7;52.2)	0.22
iVD (%)	26.41 (6.9;55.5)	22.92 (7.3;36.0)	23.93 (7.06;38.1)	0.07
ppVD avg (%)	57.35 (34.1;68.5)	58.73 (32.36;70.5)	54.41 (36.8;61.9)	0.08
ppVD nas (%)	53.15 (31.1;66.6)	56.59 (23.4;66.14)	52.42 (32.2;60.5)	0.04
ppVD infnas (%)	56.09 (30.4;72.1)	65.86 (30.6;71.3)	54.2 (32.8;66.6)	0.017	NDG vs PEX and POAG
ppVD inftemp (%)	59.5 (31.9;73.2)	62.5 (30.2;75.8)	51.2 (38.7;66.8)	0.11
ppVD suptemp (%)	60.2 (27.5;76.7)	59.2 (28.4;79.8)	53.2 (28.5;71.2)	0.14
ppVD supnas (%)	53.8 (30.8;64.9)	57.1 (25.1;72.6)	52.5 (23.9;64.5)	0.26
ppVD temp (%)	59.9 (35.5;69.9)	58.5 (39.6;70.7)	58.4 (31.4;64.9)	0.39

Abbreviations: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; XFG, exfoliation glaucoma; NTG, normal-tension glaucoma; SSI, signal strength index; RPC, radial peripapillary capillary layer; wpVD, whole papillary vessel density; iVD, inside disc vessel density; ppVD, peripapillary vessel density.

All values expressed as median and range (Min; Max). ^aKruskall–Wallis test; ^bpost-hoc analysis between the groups (Conover).

Table 3 OCTA Results for ONH Vessel Density in the NH Layer

Segmentation NH	POAG	NTG	XFG	p-Value^a	Differences Between the Three Groups^b
SSI	57.0 (41.0;72.0)	56.0 (40.0;71.0)	50.0 (42.0;74.0)	0.09
wpVD (%)	49.9 (28.8;58.9)	50.7 (26.3;57.3)	46.9 (34.3;54.7)	0.09
iVD (%)	47.3 (30.8;57.5)	45.7 (31.7;54.5)	41.9 (32.7;52.2)	0.21
ppVD avg(%)	54.9 (33.3;63.3)	56.8 (31.1;64.9)	52.3 (36.8;59.8)	0.07
ppVD nas (%)	51.2 (32.9;63.4)	54.3 (23.3;62.8)	49.1 (29.1;59.4)	0.08
ppVD infnas (%)	54.9 (28.6;68.0)	60.9 (29.0;69.2)	52.4 (30.4;63.9)	0.04	NDG vs PEX
ppVD inftemp (%)	58.6 (33.2;70.2)	56.7 (28.4;71.8)	52.5 (36.7;66.7)	0.16
ppVD suptemp (%)	57.3 (28.4;71.5)	53.7 (36.5;74.2)	51.3 (28.6;65.9)	0.13
ppVD supnas (%)	53.0 (31.1;63.4)	56.4 (22.8;68.3)	51.3 (16.5;67.6)	0.21
ppVD temp (%)	55.9 (26.6;64.4)	51.7 (36.6;64.2)	53.6 (35.3;59.5)	0.45

Abbreviations: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; XFG, exfoliation glaucoma; NTG, normal-tension glaucoma; SSI, signal strength index; RPC, radial peripapillary capillary layer; wpVD, whole papillary vessel density; iVD, inside disc vessel density; ppVD, peripapillary vessel density.

All Values Expressed as Median and Range (Min; Max). ^aKruskall–Wallis test; ^bpost-hoc analysis between the groups (Conover).

Table 4 OCTA (AngioVue™) Parameters for Macular VD Segmentation of the Superficial Layer (SL)

Segmentation SL	POAG	NTG	XFG	p-Value^a	Differences Between the Three Groups^b
SSI	56.5 (41.0;74.0)	55.0 (41.0;73.0)	56.0 (42.0;67.0)	0.98
wmVD (%)	42.3 (30.7;51.8)	41.4 (29.8;51.8)	41.4 (34.8;44.5)	0.51
fVD (%)	32.3 (19.2;43.8)	28.4 (21.2;45.6)	30.7 (19.5;37.4)	0.08
pmVD avg (%)	45.9 (34.1;56.5)	45.1 (37.7;54.1)	44.3 (39.8;51.6)	0.61
pmVD temp (%)	45.6 (37.1;55.3)	46.1 (37.8;56.1)	45.6 (36.4;52.1)	0.83
pmVD sup (%)	46.7 (27.9;56.8)	45.4 (35.3;56.4)	45.1 (35.8;52.1)	0.22
pmVD nasal (%)	45.9 (36.8;55.9)	45.8 (36.8;54.8)	44.5 (37.2;54.9)	0.77
pmVD inf (%)	44.8 (33.3;59.4)	44.7 (31.1;59.0)	44.6(33.4;51.1)	0.78

Abbreviations: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; XFG, exfoliation glaucoma; NTG, normal-tension glaucoma; SSI, signal strength index; wmVD, whole macular vessel density; fVD, foveal vessel density; pmVD, perimacular vessel density.

All values expressed as median and range (Min; Max). ^aKruskall–Wallis test; ^bpost-hoc analysis between the groups (Conover).

Table 5 OCTA (AngioVue™) Parameters for Segmentation for Macular VD of the Deep Layer (DL)

Segmentation DL	POAG	NTG	XFG	p-Value^a	Differences Between the Three Groups^b
SSI	56.5 (41.0;74.0)	55.0 (41.0;73.0)	56.0 (42.0;67.0)	0.98
wmVD (%)	49.6 (433.2;58.9)	49.3 (33.3;61.8)	50.1 (39.6;56.1)	0.97
fVD (%)	31.3 (19.2;46.9)	26.2 (15.9;45.0)	29.8 (16.5;37.8)	0.27
pmVD avg (%)	54.8 (42.6;63.5)	54.1 (41.6;66.5)	53.6 (42.7;66.5)	0.65
pmVD temp (%)	53.8 (40.6;67.4)	51.6 (39.9;66.8)	52.6 (41.1;59.5)	0.54
pmVD sup (%)	57.1 (33.0;65.6)	54.8 (39.8;68.0)	55.2 (35.2;59.5)	0.50
pmVD nasal (%)	53.7 (38.7;63.7)	55.8 (35.4;65.5)	52.9 (38.9;64.1)	0.66
pmVD inf (%)	55.7 (40.4;63.2)	54.3 (40.5;67.1)	54.1 (41.9;61.4)	0.75

Abbreviations: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; XFG, exfoliation glaucoma; NTG, normal-tension glaucoma; SSI, signal strength index; wmVD, whole macular vessel density; fVD, foveal vessel density; pmVD, perimacular vessel density.

All values expressed as median and range (Min; Max). ^aKruskall–Wallis test; ^bpost-hoc analysis between the groups (Conover).