Prevalence of Dry Eye and its Subtypes in an Elderly Population with Cataracts in Indonesia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire used for this study. Question 3 and 4 were not applicable (NA) for all subjects due to the possibility of interference from the cataract.

Table 1 Prevalence and Characteristics of Each Dry Eye Subtypes

	Symptomatic (n=22)		Asymptomatic (n=27)		P value
	DED (n=11)	Preclinical DE (n=11)	Predisposition to DE (n=13)	Normal (n=14)
Age (years)	75.0 (50–80)	62.7 ± 6.0	66.8 ± 5.6	66.2 ± 9.1	0.173^a
Gender (n [%])
Male	4 (36.4)	3 (27.3)	4 (30.8)	5 (35.7)
Female	7 (63.6)	8 (72.7)	9 (69.2)	9 (64.3)
OSDI score	30.5 ± 7.9	29.2 (15.6–42.9)	7.3 ± 4.1	5.4 (0–12.5)	<0.001^a*
NIBUT (seconds)	7.9 ± 1.5	12.4 (10.5–19.3)	7.6 ± 1.2	15.1 (10.4–28.9)	<0.001^a*
Schirmer (mm)	4.0 (2–17)	10.2 ± 6.1	11.1 ± 7.0	9.0 (4–28)	0.042^a*

Notes: ^aKruskal–Wallis test; significance is indicated with asterisks.

Abbreviations: DE, dry eye; DED, dry eye disease; NIBUT, noninvasive tear break up time; OSDI, ocular surface disease index.

Table 2 Prevalence and Characteristics of Each Dry Eye Subtypes According to Age Groups

	Age ≤70 Years (n = 33)	Age >70 Years (n = 16)	P value
Gender (n [%])
Male	9	7
Female	24	9
DE subtypes (n [%])
DED	4 (12.1)	7 (43.8)
Preclinical DE	11 (33.3)	0 (0)
Predisposition to DE	8 (24.3)	5 (31.2)
Normal	10 (30.3)	4 (25.0)
OSDI score	12.5 (0–42.9)	10.4 (0–45)	0.669^a
NIBUT (seconds)	11.6 (6.2–28.9)	8.8 ± 3.1	0.005^a*
Schirmer (mm)	10.0 (2–28)	5.0 (2–20)	0.031^a*

Notes: ^aMann–Whitney test; significance is indicated with asterisks.

Abbreviations: DE, dry eye; DED, dry eye disease; NIBUT, noninvasive tear break up time; OSDI, ocular surface disease index.

Figure 2 Difference of NIBUT in male and female subjects between age group ≤70-years-old and >70-years-old. Significant difference of noninvasive break up time (NIBUT), marked with an asterisk (*), was observed only in male subjects between age group ≤70-years-old and >70-years-old.

Notes: Statistical analysis with Student’s T-test; significance is indicated with asterisks.

Figure 3 Difference of Schirmer score in male and female subjects between age group ≤70-years-old and >70-years-old. Significant difference of Schirmer score was also found only in male subjects between age group ≤70-years-old and >70-years-old.

Notes: Statistical analysis with Student’s T-test; significance is indicated with asterisks.