Comparison of Two Tube-Modification Techniques in Baerveldt Glaucoma Implantation in Refractory Glaucoma

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient Characteristics (N = 154, Eye Side = 163)

Variables	N (%) or Mean ± SD
Sex
Male	88 (57.14)
Female	66 (42.86)
Age (years)	57.11 ± 19.04 (range 18–92)

Table 2 Characteristics of the Three Groups

	Total N (%)	Stent Group (N =31)	Ligature Group (n =126)	Combined Group (N =6)	p-value
Eye side, n (%)	163 (100)				0.393
Right (OD)	87 (53.37)	16 (51.61)	66 (52.38)	5 (83.33)
Diagnosis	163 (100)				0.321
POAG	53 (32.52)	7 (22.58)	43 (34.13)	3 (50.00)
Others	110 (67.48)	24 (77.42)	83 (65.87)	3 (50.00)
Number of previous surgery, Median (IQR)	160 (98.16)	3 (2–4)	3 (2–3)	2 (2–3)	0.282
Phakic status	162 (99.39)				0.312
Pseudophakia	107 (66.05)	20 (64.52)	84 (67.20)	3 (50.00)
Phakia	30 (18.52)	7 (22.58)	20 (16.00)	3 (50.00)
Aphakia	25 (15.43)	4 (12.90)	21 (16.80)	0
Preoperative LogMAR BCVA, median (IQR)	163 (100)	0.88 (0.30–1.30)	0.88 (0.40–2.12)	1.3 (0.40–2.30)	0.776
Pre-operative IOP, mean ± SD	161 (98.77)	23.19 ± 11.84	24.91 ± 9.04	22.67 ± 6.41	0.599
Pre-operative number of medications	163 (100)	4.48 ± 0.77	4.07 ± 0.63	3.67 ± 0.52	0.002
Implant location	163 (100)				0.098
Superonasal	21 (12.88)	6 (19.35)	15 (11.90)	0
Superotemporal	113 (69.33)	24 (77.42)	85 (67.46)	4 (66.67)
Inferonasal	14 (8.59)	1 (3.23)	13 (10.32)	0
Inferotemporal	15 (9.20)	0	13 (10.32)	2 (33.33)
Tube fixation	163 (100)				0.836
Angle	144 (88.34)	27 (87.10)	111 (88.10)	6 (100)
Sulcus	16 (9.82)	3 (9.68)	13 (10.32)	0
Pars plana	3 (1.84)	1 (3.23)	2 (1.59)	0
Baerveldt glaucoma implant model	162 (99.39)				<0.001
350	136 (83.95)	18 (60.00)	116 (92.06)	2 (33.33)
250	26 (16.05)	12 (40.00)	10 (7.94)	4 (66.67)

Note: BCVA: comparison among the three groups of tube modification using ANOVA.

Abbreviations: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; OD, oculus dexter; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.

Table 3 Follow-Up Period and Treatment Outcomes

Variables	Stent Group (N = 31)	Ligature Group (n = 126)	Combined Group (N = 6)	P-value
BCVA (logMAR), median (IQR)
1 month (N = 155)	1.15 (0.60–2.30)	1.15 (0.51–2.60)	1.23 (0.60–2.90)	0.989
6 months (N = 133)	1.00 (0.66–2.30)	1.00 (0.46–2.60)	0.88 (0.40–1.30)	0.799
12 months (N = 103)	0.95 (0.48–2.30)	0.90 (0.48–2.00)	–	0.888
36 months (N = 42)	1.00 (0.40–2.60)	1.00 (0.62–3.00)	–	0.534
60 months (N = 11)	1.91 (0.37–2.90)	0.88 (0.88–0.88)	–	0.526
IOP, median (IQR)
1 month (N = 156)	16.00 (11.00–22.00)	13.50 (10.00–18.00)	16.50 (10.00–19.00)	0.151
6 months (N = 132)	12.00 (9.00–15.00)	14.00 (10.00–17.00)	15.00 (12.00–20.00)	0.250
12 months (N = 101)	13.50 (11.00–16.00)	12.00 (10.00–17.00)	–	0.468
36 months (N = 39)	12.00 (12.00–15.00)	14.00 (12.00–17.00)	–	0.393
60 months (N = 11)	19.50 (12.00–25.00)	23.00 (23.00–23.00)	–	0.527
Follow-up period (months)
Median (IQR)	60.68 (21.23–66.03)	17.63 (10.23–32.33)	13.1 (12.33–14.33)	<0.001
Treatment failure	8 (26.67)	29 (23.58)	1 (16.67)	0.348
Failure time (months)
Median (IQR)	19.17 (6.67–55.17)	5.47 (3.33–12.03)	1	0.097

Abbreviations: BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma.

Figure 1 Postoperative follow-up time of IOP (A) and BCVA (logMAR) (B) between two groups.

Figure 2 Adjusted parametric cumulative hazard function illustrating treatment failure comparing between the two groups and analysed by mixed-effects exponential proportional hazard regression (P = 0.147).