Short-Term Non-Infectious Outcomes After a Pars Plana Intravitreal Antibiotic-Steroid Injection of Triamcinolone, Moxifloxacin, and Vancomycin During Cataract Surgery versus a Standard Postoperative Topical Regimen

Figures & data

Table 1 Case Characteristics Including Demographic Information, Ocular and Systemic Comorbidities, and Surgical Variables

Variable	Control (n = 487)	Treatment (n = 571)	P-value
Age^a (years)	71.9 (65.6, 78.0)	73.0 (66.0, 78.0)	0.044
Gender (female)	243 (49.9%)	326 (57.1%)	0.019
Cataract Grade
Mild (≤2+)	291 (59.8%)	389 (68.4%)	0.004
Moderate (3+)	127 (26.1%)	158 (27.8%)	0.537
Severe (≥4+)	69 (14.2%)	22 (3.9%)	<0.001
Glaucoma suspect	63 (12.9%)	35 (6.1%)	<0.001
Glaucoma^b	69 (14.2%)	57 (10.0%)	0.036
Uveitis	22 (4.5%)	3 (0.5%)	<0.001
Epiretinal membrane	58 (11.9%)	23 (4.0%)	<0.001
Previous PPV	32 (6.6%)	8 (1.4%)	<0.001
AMD
Dry form	53 (10.9%)	46 (8.1%)	0.116
Wet form	7 (1.4%)	8 (1.4%)	0.960
Diabetes Mellitus
NPDR or no DR	193 (39.6%)	112 (19.6%)	<0.001
PDR	87 (17.9%)	9 (1.6%)	<0.001
Hyperlipidemia	250 (51.3%)	267 (46.8%)	0.138
Hypertension	400 (82.1%)	342 (59.9%)	<0.001
FLACS	0 (0.0%)	160 (28.0%)	<0.001
Placement of TMS	49 (10.1%)	30 (5.3%)	0.003
Surgical site (AMC)	487 (100.0%)	157 (27.5%)	<0.001

Notes: ^aThe summary statistic for age is reported in median (25th quantile, 75th quantile) format. ^bAll cases of glaucoma were of mild or moderate stage.

Abbreviations: AMC, academic medical center; AMD, age-related macular degeneration; DR, diabetic retinopathy; FLACS, femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery; NPDR, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PPV, pars plana vitrectomy; TMS, trabecular microbypass stent.

Figure 1 A plot of monocular best-corrected visual acuity (mean ± SD) versus time for each group. A star denotes a time point in which there is a statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Figure 2 A plot of intraocular pressure (mean ± SD) versus time for each group. A star denotes a time point in which there is a statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Table 2 Outcomes, Uncontrolled, and Controlled Analysis of the Unplanned Use of Anti-Inflammatory Drops in the Postoperative Period

Indication	Control (n = 487)	Treatment (n = 571)	P-value*	OR** (95% CI)	P-value***
PACI	39 (8.0%)	15 (2.6%)	< 0.001	0.34 (0.10 to 1.14)	0.080
RACI	31 (6.4%)	15 (2.6%)	0.003	0.52 (0.18 to 1.54)	0.239
CME	19 (3.9%)	27 (4.7%)	0.511	3.21 (1.42 to 7.23)	0.005
Corneal edema	84 (17.2%)	34 (6.0%)	< 0.001	–	–
Ocular discomfort	0 (0.0%)	14 (2.5%)	0.001	–	–

Notes: *The p-values were calculated using a chi-squared test. **The odds ratios were calculated using multivariate logistic regression with the following independent variables: surgeon, surgical site, age, gender, cataract grade, diabetes mellitus, uveitis, epiretinal membrane, and pars plana vitrectomy. An odds ratio < 1 represents a protective effect from the intravitreal antibiotic-steroid injection. ***The p-values were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. Corneal edema and ocular discomfort were deemed inappropriate for controlled analysis due to their predominantly non-inflammatory etiologies.

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; PACI, persistent anterior chamber inflammation; RACI, rebound anterior chamber inflammation; CME, cystoid macular edema.