Impact of Thermal Pulsation Treatment on Astigmatism Management and Outcomes in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Figures & data

Figure 1 Single angle vector plot for actual (A) versus simulated (B) residual refractive astigmatism.

Figure 2 Frequency distribution histograms of difference between actual versus simulated residual refractive astigmatism.

Figure 3 Double angle vector plot for actual versus simulated residual refractive astigmatism in eyes with change in treatment type (17 eyes).

Table 1 Change in Treatment Type (None, LRI, or Toric IOL) Determined from Pre-TPS vs Post-TPS Keratometry

			Post-TPS Treatment Type
			None	LRI	Toric IOL	Total
Pre-TPS treatment plan	None	n	7	6	2	15
		%	28	24	8	60
	LRI	n	1	4	0	5
		%	4	16	0	20
	Toric IOL	n	0	1	4	5
		%	0	4	16	20
	Total	n	8	11	6	25
		%	32	44	24	100

Notes: , increase in treatment type; , decrease in treatment type; , no change in treatment type.

Figure 4 Single angle vector plot for pre-TPS (A) versus post-TPS (B) keratometric astigmatism.

Abbreviation: TPS, thermal pulsation system.

Figure 5 Frequency distribution histogram of difference between pre-TPS and post-TPS keratometric astigmatism.

Abbreviation: TPS, thermal pulsation system.

Table 2 Change in the Axis of Keratometric Astigmatism from Pre-TPS to Post-TPS

			Post-TPS K axis
			WTR (60–120)	ATR (0–30, 150–180)	OBL (30–60, 120–150)	Total
Pre-TPS K axis	WTR (60–120)	n	3	1	2	6
		%	12.0	4.0	8.0	24.0
	ATR (0–30, 150–180)	n	1	12	1	14
		%	4.0	48.0	4.0	56.0
	OBL (30–60, 120–150)	n	1	1	3	5
		%	4.0	4.0	12.0	20.0
	Total	n	5	14	6	25
		%	20.0	56.0	24.0	100.0

Notes: , axis of orientation changed; , no change in axis of orientation.

Figure 6 Scatter plots (A) between TPS-induced change in astigmatism magnitude and pre-TPS keratometric astigmatism;, and(B) between change in astigmatism axis and pre-TPS keratometric astigmatism.

Abbreviation: TPS, thermal pulsation system.