Ab Interno Goniotomy Combined with Ab Externo Trabeculotomy in Advanced Primary Congenital Glaucoma Patients: 2-Year Follow-Up

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the Studied Patients

	N=50 (%)
Age at onset (months)
Mean±SD	18.86±9.94
Range	6–40
Sex:
Male	26 (52%)
Female	24 (48%)
Consanguinity
Negative	31 (62%)
Positive	19 (38%)
Horizontal corneal diameter (mm)
Mean±SD	14.56±0.812
Range	14–16
Axial length (mm)
Mean±SD	20.98±0.795
Range	20–22
CD ratio
Mean±SD	0.8±0.404
Range	0–1

Table 2 Preoperative and Postoperative Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Among the Studied Patients

Time Point	IOP (mmHg)		Test
	Mean±SD	Range	t	p
Preoperative	29.56±3.357	21–36
1 month postop	12.64±2.505	10–19	44.533	<0.001**
3 months postop	14.12±3.173	11–21	−6.847	<0.001**
6 months postop	16.8±5.525	12–29	−6.762	<0.001**
9 month postop	14.44±2.323	12–26	3.934	<0.001**
12 months postop	14.3±1.619	12–19	0.686	0.496
15 months postop	14.3±1.619	12–19
18 months postop	14.3±1.619	12–19
21 months postop	14.32±1.659	12–19	−1	0.322
24 months postop	14.32±1.659	12–19
p (F)	<0.001**

Notes: t, Paired sample t-test; F, repeated measures ANOVA test; **p≤0.001 is statistically highly significant.

Figure 1 Line graph showing mean IOP among the studied patients preoperatively and postoperatively.

Table 3 Comparison Between Preoperative and Postoperative Number of Medications

Medications	Time point		Test
	Preoperative	Postoperative	Wx	p
	N=50 (%)	N=50 (%)
Median	3	0	−6.243	<0.001**
Range	3–3	0–3

Notes: **p≤0.001 is statistically highly significant; Wx, Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Table 4 Correlation/Relation Between Preoperative IOP and the Studied Parameters

Parameters	Preoperative IOP		Postoperative IOP
	r	p	r	p
Corneal diameter	0.751	<0.001**	0.622	<0.001**
CD ratio	0.355	0.011*	0.371	0.008*
Axial length	0.715	<0.001**	0.701	<0.001**
Age at presentation	−0.548	<0.001**	−0.425	0.002*
	Mean±SD	Test	Mean ± SD	Test
Consanguinity
Negative	27.71±2.4	t=−7.031	13.45±0.81	t=−5.415
Positive	32.58±2.36	p<0.001**	15.74±1.73	p<0.001**
Sex:
Male	28.96±3.89	t=−1.332	14.35±1.94	t=0.115
Female	30.21±2.59	p=0.192	14.29±1.33	p=0.909

Notes: r, Pearson’s correlation coefficient; t, independent sample t-test; *p<0.05 is statistically significant; **p≤0.001 is statistically highly significant.

Table 5 Distribution of the Studied Patients According to Success Rate

Outcome	N=50 (%)
Success	47 (94%)
Failure (need further surgical intervention)	3 (6%)
Type of success
Complete	35 (70%)
Qualified	12 (24%)

Figure 2 Pie chart showing distribution of the studied patients according to success.

Table 6 Distribution of the Studied Patients According to Development of Complications

Complications	N=50
None	27 (54%)
Hyphema	23 (46%)

Figure 3 Pie chart showing distribution of the studied patients according to postoperative complications.

Table 7 Distribution of Patients According to Next Surgical Intervention

Next Surgical Intervention	N=50
None	47 (94%)
Valve implantation	3 (6%)

Table 8 Relation Between Surgical Outcome and the Studied Parameters

Parameters	Outcome		Test
	Failure	Success	Χ^2/t	p
	N=3 (%)	N=47 (%)
Gender
Male	2 (66.7)	24 (51.1)	Fisher	>0.999
Female	1 (33.3)	23 (48.9)
Consanguinity
Negative	0 (0)	31 (66)	Fisher	0.049*
Positive	3 (100)	16 (34)
Complications			Fisher	0.09
None	0 (0)	27 (57.4)
Hyphema	3 (100)	20 (42.6)
Age
Mean±SD	10.0±3.464	19.43±9.967	−3.182	0.014*
Axial length
Mean±SD	22.0±0	20.91±0.775	9.594	<0.001**
Horizontal corneal diameter
Mean±SD	16.0±0	14.47±0.747	14.05	<0.001**
Preoperative IOP
Mean±SD	34.67±1.155	29.23±3.184	2.918	0.005*
CD ratio
Mean±SD	1.0±0	0.79±0.414	3.526	0.001**
Preoperative medications
Median (range)	3 (3–16)	3 (3–16)	Z (−0.983)	0.326

Notes: t, Independent sample t-test; Z; Mann–Whitney test; *p<0.05 is statistically significant; **p≤0.001 is statistically highly significant.

Table 9 Relation Between Type of Success and the Studied Parameters

Parameters	Success		Test
	Complete	Qualified	Χ^2/t	p
	N=35 (%)	N=12 (%)
Gender
Male	19 (54.3)	5 (41.7)	0.569	0.450
Female	16 (45.7)	7 (58.3)
Consanguinity
Negative	31 (88.6)	0 (0)	Fisher	<0.001**
Positive	4 (11.4)	12 (100)
Complications
None	13 (37.1)	7 (58.3)	1.641	0.2
Hyphema	22 (62.9)	5 (41.7)
Age
Mean±SD	22.46±9.778	10.58±2.314	6.661	<0.001**
Axial length
Mean±SD	20.6±0.604	21.83±0.389	−8.124	<0.001**
Horizontal corneal diameter
Mean±SD	14.14±0.494	15.42±0.515	−7.632	<0.001**
Preoperative IOP
Mean±SD	28.06±2.589	32.67±2.103	−5.558	<0.001**
CD ratio
Mean±SD	0.71±0.458	1±0	−3.668	0.001**
Preoperative medications
Median (range)	3 (3–14)	3 (3–16)	Z (−1.211)	0.226

Notes: t, Independent sample t-test; Z, Mann–Whitney test; **p≤0.001 is statistically highly significant.